摘要
目的了解住院患者健康素养状况并分析其影响因素,为更好的开展医院健康教育,提高其健康素养提供科学依据。方法采用方便抽样法,使用自制调查问卷对2018年3月~2018年5月在中国哈尔滨某三甲医院肝胆外科住院的患者进行调查,问卷包括一般人口学资料和《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷-2015版》。结果住院患者健康素养总分平均值为38.37±9.90,总合格率为8.33%。其中基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康技能合格率分别分17.98%、8.33%和20.18%;科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗和健康信息获取等6类健康问题合格率分别为37.28%、18.86%、5.26%、60.09%、9.65%和20.61%。单因素方差分析显示,不同文化程度、职业、户籍类型、家庭经济收入、是否患有慢性病等患者健康素养得分差异具有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);多元线性回归分析发现,文化程度程度和家庭经济状况是影响患者健康素养的主要因素(均为P<0.01)。结论住院患者健康素养水平较低且各维度水平不均衡,并受多种因素影响,健康教育需求迫切,医务人员应积极开展医院健康教育,重点关注来自农村地区和文化程度较低的患者,提高其健康素养水平。
Objective To access the health literacy level of surgical inpatients and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide scientific basis for the better implementation of hospital health education,and improve their health literacy. Methods A convenient sampling method with a self-made questionnaire was used to survey the patients hospitalized in the hepatobiliary surgery department of a third-class hospital in Harbin,China,from March 2018 to May 2018. The questionnaire included general demographic data and“National Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire-2015”. Results The health literacy average score of inpatients was 38. 37 ± 9. 90 and the total qualified rate was 8. 33%. The qualified rates of the basic concept and knowledge,healthy lifestyle and behaviors,and health skills were 17. 98%,8. 33% and 20. 18%,respectively;The qualified rates of the 6 kinds of health problems,which were scientific health perspectives,the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,chronic disease prevention and control,acquirement of basic medical care,safety and first aid,management of health information,were 37. 28%,18. 86%,5. 26%,60. 09%,9. 65% and 20. 61%,re- spectively. One-way anova showed that the differences of health literacy scores among patients with different educational levels,occupation,household registration type,family economic in- come and whether they had chronic diseases were statistically significant ( all P < 0. 05). Mul- tiple linear regression analysis found that the degree of education and family economic status were the main factors influencing patients’health literacy ( all P < 0. 01). Conclusion The health literacy level of inpatients is low,not equal between different dimensions. At the same time,it is affected by a variety of factors. Hospitalized patients are in desperate need of health education. So,medical staff should actively carry out hospital health education,focusing on patients from rural areas and with a low level of education to improve their health literacy.
作者
叶霄艳
张作明
于杰
刘月萍
YE Xiao-yan;ZHANG Zuo-ming;YU Jie;LIU Yue-ping(Department of General Surgery,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University;Department of School of Public Health,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,China;Qu-xian community health service center of Harbin,Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150036,China)
出处
《哈尔滨医科大学学报》
CAS
2019年第2期178-183,共6页
Journal of Harbin Medical University
关键词
健康素养
住院患者
健康教育
健康需求评估
health literacy
inpatients
health education
healthy demand assessment
