摘要
本文认为,司法实践中“轻罪重判”而导致的超期羁押无法获得赔偿,关键在于无法将其认定为“再审改判无罪”,对违法赔偿原则和法定赔偿原则的不当理解是重要原因之一。国家赔偿法将“刑事赔偿”置于这两大原则之下,对赔偿和补偿不加以区分,直接排除了被轻罪重判者的救济权,违背了宪法对于人身自由基本权的保护精神,无法通过基于比例原则的合宪性检验。应当引入特别牺牲和公平负担理论,构建完整的刑事补偿制度。
This article holds that in judicial practice, the overtime detention caused by "misdemeanor and severe conviction" can not be compensated.The key is that it can not be recognized as "retrial and acquittal".One of the important reasons is the improper understanding of the principle of illegal compensation and the principle of statutory compensation. The State Compensation Law puts "criminal compensation" under these two principles without distinction between compensation and compensation, which directly excludes the relief right of those who have been convicted of minor crimes and serious crimes, violates the constitutional spirit of protecting the fundamental right of personal freedom, and fails to pass the constitutional test based on the principle of proportionality.The theory of special sacrifice and fair burden should be introduced to construct a complete criminal compensation system.
出处
《行政与法》
2019年第7期96-106,共11页
Administration and Law
基金
2017年国家社会科学基金重大委托项目“创新发展中国特色社会主义法治理论体系研究”的阶段性成果,项目编号:17ZH041
关键词
轻罪重判
国家赔偿法
合宪性审查
刑事补偿
severe conviction for misdemeanor
state compensation law
constitutional review
criminal compensation
