摘要
目的研究小鱼际肌变异及手部尺神经树枝状模式,观察小鱼际肌和尺神经的关系。方法对30例防腐尸体手(延边大学解剖学教研室提供)进行了解剖学研究,在4倍放大镜下解剖手的尺侧,记录小鱼际肌肌腹的数量和它们的变异,尺神经深支裂隙处小鱼际肌腱弓的组成模式,尺神经在每一个手的分支。观察小鱼际肌的变异和树枝状尺神经之间的关系。结果小指展肌在4例手有一个肌腹,在25例手有2个肌腹,在1例手有3个肌腹。小指短屈肌在4例手缺如,在22例手有一个肌腹,在4例手有2个肌腹。所有小指对掌肌都有两层,尺神经深支通过两层之间,有3种尺神经深支的裂隙模式,5种尺神经树枝状分布模式,根据解剖形态特点把小指展肌的运动神经支配模式分为4种类型。3例手的尺神经深支起点有变异,起自于尺神经远端至分支处。3例手的两个感觉支之间有一个交通支。2例手的尺侧感觉支有分支进入小指展肌。结论尺神经和小鱼际肌之间的解剖学关系是非常复杂的,这些解剖知识可以为腕尺侧疾病的诊断和治疗及手术提供解剖学依据。
Objective To study the variations in the hypothenar muscles and the arborization patterns of the ulnar nerve and to investigate the relationship between the hypothenar muscles and the ulnar nerve.Methods We performed an anatomic study of 30 hands from embalmed cadavers(supplied by Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Yanbian University, Yanbian). After dissecting the ulnar side of the hand. Recorded the number of hypothenar muscles and their variations, the site of the hiatus for the deep branch of the ulnar nerve, and the branching patterns of the ulnar nerve in each hand. We then investigated the relationship between the variations in the hypothenar muscles and the arborization patterns of the ulnar nerve. Results The abductor digiti minimi(ADM) had 1 belly in 6 hands, 2 bellies in 28 hands, and 3 bellies in 1 hand. The flexor digiti minimi brevis was absent in 8 hands, had 1 belly in24 hands, and had 2 bellies in 3 hands. The opponens digiti minimi had 2 layers of origin and the deep branch of the ulnar nerve passed between these 2 layers in all hands. We classified the structural patterns of the hiatus into 3 types, the arborization patterns of the ulnar nerve into 5 types, and the branching patterns of the motor branch to the ADM into 4 types according to their morphologic characteristics.We found variations of the arborization pattern in which the deep branch. Originated from the distal end of the ulnar nerve to its branches in 3 cases. There was a communicating branch between two sensory branches in 3 cases. The ulnar sensory branch branched into the assuctor digiti minimi in 2 cases.Conclusion We confirme that the anatomic relationship between the ulnar nerve and the hypothenar muscle is complex and that the formation of the hiatus varies. This knowledge can assist the surgeon in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions associated with the ulnar aspect of the hand.
作者
金日浩
金昱
王夫平
冷树立
周健辉
余业文
陈康察
丘日升
JIN Rihao;JIN Yu;WANG Fuping(Department of Hand Surgery, XiaoLan Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University,Zhongshan, Guangzhou, 528415, China)
出处
《实用手外科杂志》
2019年第2期220-222,254,共4页
Journal of Practical Hand Surgery
关键词
异常肌肉
小鱼际肌
尺神经
Aberrant muscle
Hypothenar muscle
Ulnar nerve
