摘要
以卵裂率、D 形幼虫发生率、三倍体率等为指标,比较了高盐、低温及咖啡因诱导香港牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)三倍体幼虫的效果,同时也分析了诱导因子强度(或浓度)、持续时间、受精卵密度及受精后开始处理时间对诱导效果的影响。结果表明,高盐诱导三倍体的最适条件组合是在卵子密度 1.0×10^7个/L 的情况下受精后15 min,用盐度 40 的海水持续处理 10 min,此时卵裂率为(39.60±2.14)%, D 形幼虫发生率为(31.46±1.06)%,三倍体率可以达到(59.53±5.90)%;低温诱导三倍体的最适条件组合是密度为 2.0×10^7 个/L的卵子在受精后 15 min,用 10℃海水持续处理 10 min,此时卵裂率为(21.00±4.90)%, D 形幼虫发生率为(12.68±1.21)%,三倍体率为(51.09±2.67)%;咖啡因诱导三倍体的最适条件组合是卵子密度为 1.0×10^8 个/L,用咖啡因终浓度 2.0 g/L 的海水在受精后 15 min,持续处理 20 min,卵裂率为(85.46±4.78)%, D 形幼虫发生率为(71.79±3.92)%,三倍体率可以达到(56.36±2.07)%。最适诱导条件下,咖啡因的诱导效率指数 0.405 高于高盐处理 0.187、低温处理 0.065。高盐及低温处理方法诱导出的幼虫三倍体率随生长降低极快且存活率低于咖啡因诱导方法,说明 3 种方法中咖啡因可能更适合用于香港牡蛎三倍体幼虫的诱导。本研究为香港牡蛎三倍体育种提供了基础数据和实践经验。
We compared the effects of different salinities, different temperatures, and caffeine on triploid induction of Crassostrea hongkongensis in terms of cleavage rate, D larval rate and triploid rate. The effects of intensity or concentration, duration of treatment, egg density, and induction time were also studied. After the zygotes were fertilized at 31℃ and salinity of 15, optimum results were obtained 15 min post fertilization after hyperosmotic shock in the salinity of 40 for 10 min treatment, with a zygote density of 1.0×10^7 ind/L. Under these conditions, the cleavage rate was (39.60±2.14)%, D larval rate was (31.46±1.06)%, and triploid rate was (59.53±5.90)%. The induction time and duration of treatment obtained the same results as that of the high salinity treatment;however, the zygote density was 2.0×10^7 ind/L and zygotes were induced by 10℃ seawater, with these conditions optimum at low temperature. Here, the cleavage rate was (21.00±4.90)%, D larval rate was (12.68±1.21)%, and triploid rate was (51.09±2.67)%. Additionally, spawn was fertilized at 31℃ and a salinity of 15 and, 15 min after fertilization, 2.0 g/L caffeine was added for a duration of 20 min at a zygote density of 1.0×10^8 ind/L, which were the optimum conditions of triploid induction by caffeine. Under these conditions, the cleavage rate was (85.46±4.78)%, D larval rate was (71.79±3.92)%, and triploid rate was (56.36±2.07)%. At the optimum conditions, the efficiency of triploid induction in caffeine (0.405) was higher than that of the high salinity (0.187) and low temperature (0.065) treatments. In addition, the triploid rate of larvae induced by the high salinity or low temperature was greatly decreased and the survival rates were lower than those noted for caffeine treatment. Therefore, caffeine was more applicable for triploid induction of C. hongkongensis than the other two methods, i.e., high salinity and low temperature. This study provides basic knowledge and practical evidence for triploid induction of C. hongkonge
作者
秦艳平
张跃环
莫日馆
肖述
周梓华
马海涛
潘英
喻子牛
QIN Yanping;ZHANG Yuehuan;MO Riguan;XIAO Shu;ZHOU Zihua;MA Haitao;PAN Ying;YU Ziniu(Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biological Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China)
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期677-685,共9页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901403)
国家贝类产业体系建设专项(CARS-49)
广东省科技厅项目(2014B020202011,2016B020233005,2017B030314052)
关键词
香港牡蛎
三倍体
高盐
低温
咖啡因
比较
Crassostrea hongkongensis
triploids
high salinity
low temperature
caffeine
comparison
