摘要
以大黄鱼鱼卵为研究对象,采用6种溶剂(正己烷、环己烷、异丙醇、乙酸乙酯、95%乙醇、氯仿-甲醇)提取鱼卵油,对所得鱼卵油的脂质得率和品质(磷脂含量、过氧化值、游离脂肪酸含量、硫代巴比妥酸值、脂肪酸组成)进行分析.结果表明:95%乙醇组的脂质得率(27.97%±0.40%)、磷脂含量(12.40%±0.35%)、游离脂肪酸含量(12.76%±0.33%)和硫代巴比妥酸值(2.76mg·kg^-1±0.14mg·kg^-1)均显著高于其他溶剂组,过氧化值(1.33mmol·kg^-1±0.38mmol·kg^-1)最低.氯仿-甲醇组的脂质得率(19.00%±0.57%)相对较低,但其磷脂含量(8.18%±0.62%)仅次于95%乙醇组,且过氧化值(2.22mmol·kg^-1±0.32mmol·kg^-1)、游离脂肪酸含量(4.64%±0.05%)和硫代巴比妥酸值(0.97mg·kg^-1±0.07mg·kg^-1)均较低.此外,二十碳五烯酸(EPA)含量和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)含量之和在多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)中的占比分别为89.73%(氯仿-甲醇组)、88.49%(95%乙醇组)、87.59%(异丙醇组)、87.21%(正己烷组)、86.25%(环己烷组)、82.02%(乙酸乙酯组).综上,95%乙醇对大黄鱼鱼卵油的提取效果最好,但其氧化程度较为严重;氯仿-甲醇组鱼卵油的脂质得率低,但其氧化程度相对较低,品质较好.说明氯仿-甲醇是提取大黄鱼鱼卵油的最佳溶剂.
Large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) roe oil was extracted by organic solvents including n-hexane, cyclohexane, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, 95% ethanol, and chloroform-methanol. Contents of phospholipids, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, free fatty acids, fatty acid composition and peroxide value of large yellow croaker roe oil extracted were measured. The results indicated that lipid yield (27.97%±0.40%), phospholipids contents (12.40%±0.35%), free fatty acids (12.76%±0.33%) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (2.76 mg·kg^-1 ±0.14 mg·kg^-1) were significantly higher in extraction by 95% ethanol than others, but its peroxide value (1.33 mmol·kg^-1 ±0.38 mmol·kg^-1) was the lowest. Although extraction by chloroform-methanol resulted in relatively lower level of lipid yield (19.00%±0.57%), phospholipids contents (8.18%±0.62%) by this solvent was the 2nd highest among all, and peroxide value (2.22 mmol·kg^-1 ±0.32 mmol·kg^-1), free fatty acids (4.64%±0.05%) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (0.97 mg·kg^-1 ±0.07 mg·kg^-1) were relatively low . Further analysis revealed that proportions of sum of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid to polyunsaturated fatty acids were 89.73% for chloroform-methanol, 88.49% for 95% ethanol, 87.59% for isopropanol, 87.21% for n-Hexane, 86.25% for cyclohexane and 82.02% for ethyl acetate. Despite the highest roe oil yield from extraction by 95% ethanol, its high oxidation rate deteriorate oil quality. Therefore, chloroformmethanol extraction, with the lowest oxidation rate, is verified to be the optimal approach regardless its low roe oil yield.
作者
张敏
魏微
陆晓丹
张玲云
杜艳瑜
李淑卿
梁鹏
程文健
陈丽娇
ZHANG Min;WEI Wei;LU Xiaodan;ZHANG Lingyun;DU Yanyu;LI Shuqing;LIANG Peng;CHENG Wenjian;CHEN Lijiao(College of Food Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Institute of Marine Research,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)
出处
《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期532-538,共7页
Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31801465)
福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2016J01106)
福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2017415)
关键词
大黄鱼鱼卵油
溶剂提取
品质分析
脂肪酸组成
large yellow croaker roe oil
solvent extraction
quality analysis
fatty acids composition
