摘要
为深入了解云南特种木本油脂的营养价值和为进一步开发利用提供参考,采用气相色谱和气相色谱-质谱对云南9种特种木本油脂(铁核桃油、青刺果油、澳洲坚果油、美藤果油、辣木籽油、漆树籽油、橡胶籽油、普洱茶叶籽油、牛油果油)中的脂肪酸组成和角鲨烯含量进行了定量分析,并用橄榄油作为对照,比较了它们在脂肪酸组成及角鲨烯含量上的差异,同时利用主成分分析和聚类分析来进一步比较它们之间的聚类及相似情况。在所有的9种特种木本油脂中共检出脂肪酸组分17种,共有成分8种,以油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸和α-亚麻酸等为主,各种油脂之间脂肪酸组成及比例差异较大,各具特色;除了漆树籽油中以饱和脂肪酸为主,质量分数为77.2%,其他油脂主要以不饱和脂肪酸为主,质量分数均不低于70.0%,其中美藤果油和铁核桃油甚至超过90.0%。9种特种木本油脂中角鲨烯含量差异较大,普洱茶叶籽油、牛油果油和澳洲坚果油中含有较高含量的角鲨烯,铁核桃油和青刺果油中含量稍低,而美藤果油、辣木籽油、漆树籽油和橡胶籽油中角鲨烯含量均小于10 mg/kg。结合脂肪酸组分及比例,PCA和CA能实现9种特种木本油脂之间各自的较好区分,并进一步分析发现澳洲坚果油与辣木籽油;铁核桃油与美藤果油;漆树籽油与牛油果油;普洱茶叶籽油与橄榄油、青刺果油、橡胶籽油,它们之间在聚类图上相似距离较近。总之,云南9种特种木本油脂都极具开发利用价值,研究结果能为繁荣我国食用油市场,提高经济效益和人民健康水平起到一定的积极作用。
In order to further understand the nutritional value of Yunnan special woody oils and provide reference for further development and utilization,the contents of fatty acid composition and squalene in nine kinds of special woody oils(iron walnut oil,prinsepia utilis royle oil,macadamia oil,sacha inchi oil,moringa seed oil,lacquer tree seed oil,rubber seed oil,Pu'er tea seed oil and avocado oil)in Yunnan Province were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography(GC)and gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS);at the same time,the olive oil was used as a control to compare their differences in fatty acid composition and squalene content;principle component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA)were used to further compare the clustering and similarity between them.The results indicated that a total of 17 fatty acids were detected in all nine kinds of special woody oils,and there were 8 ingredients in common.The ingredients were mainly included oleic acid,linoleic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid andα-linolenic acid,etc.The composition and proportion of fatty acids in different oils were quite different and had their own unique characteristics;except for lacquer tree seed oil,which mainly was the saturated fatty acid(SFA),the content was 77.2%,other oils mainly were unsaturated fatty acid(UFA),all the contents were not less than 70.0%,sacha inchi oil and iron walnut oil even exceeded 90.0%.The content of squalene in nine kinds of woody oils was quite different.Pu'er tea seed oil,avocado oil and macadamia oil contain higher content of squalene;iron walnut oil and prinsepia utilis royle oil was slightly lower;however,sacha inchi oil,moringa seed oil,lacquer tree seed oil and rubber seed oil were less than 10 mg/kg.Combining fatty acid components and ratios,PCA and CA could achieve a good distinction between each of the nine kinds of special woody oils.And further analysis found that macadamia oil and moringa seed oil;iron walnut oil and sacha inchi oil;lacquer tree seed oil and avocado oil;Pu'er tea seed oil and oliv
作者
张继光
吴万富
杨学芳
李悦
吕世懂
Zhang Jiguang;Wu Wanfu;Yang Xuefang;Li Yue;Lü Shidong(Kunming Grain and Oil and Feed Product Quality Inspection Center, Kunming 650118;Yunnan Province Grain and Oil Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Station, Kunming 650118;Yunnan Kunming National Grain Quality Testing Station, Kunming 650118;Scientific and Technological Achievements Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500;Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050000)
出处
《中国粮油学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期94-101,109,共9页
Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association
关键词
特种木本油脂脂肪酸组成
角鲨烯
气相色谱
气相色谱-质谱
主成分分析
聚类分析
special woody oil
fatty acid composition
squalene
gas chromatography(GC)
gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)
principle component analysis(PCA)
cluster analysis(CA)
