摘要
从中国融入国际体系的视角来看,新中国70年周边地区的多边外交历程可分为艰难起步阶段(1949—1971年)、调整适应阶段(1971—1991年)、积极参与阶段(1991—2013年)和引领倡导阶段(2013年至今)。70年来尤其是冷战结束以来,中国周边多边外交形成了三方面的特点和经验:一是经济发展导向;二是保持开放包容;三是注重改革完善规则。同时,中国也要正视当前周边多边外交面临的四方面挑战,需要积极思考应对方略:一是针对美国双边同盟体系与中国多边合作体系之间的张力,中美要努力推进两种体系的兼容共存;二是针对亚洲地区的竞争性多边主义,中国要积极推进多边机制的整合;三是针对亚洲多边合作体系的领导权竞争,中国与相关行为者可探讨东盟机制下的多元领导模式;四是针对缺乏代表性和包容性的亚洲地区安全机制,中国可以亚信为基础框架推动构建未来亚洲地区安全机制。展望未来,中国将在共建“一带一路”倡议的背景下更加积极地开展周边多边外交。
The seventy years of China's multilateral diplomacy toward neighboring countries can be divided into the difficult starting process (1949-1971), the adaptive adjustment process (1971-1991), the active participation process (1991-2013) and the leading advocate process (from 2013 to now) from the perspective of China's participation in international systems. China's multilateral diplomacy toward neighboring countries can be summarized in three main characters as follows: first, conducting economic development oriented diplomacy;second, keeping Asia s cooperation open and inclusive;third, improving the existing system of institutions by incremental reforms. At the same time, China's multilateral diplomacy toward neighboring countries is now facing four challenges. The first challenge is the rising tension between the U.S. dominated bilateral alliance system in Asia and China's multilateral cooperation system. Both China and the U.S. should try to accommodate the above-mentioned two different systems and realize the co-existence. The second challenge is the competitive multilateralism in the Asian region. China needs to integrate the existing competitive multilateral institutions. The third challenge is the leadership competition of multilateral cooperation system in Asia. China and the relevant actors can discuss the feasibility of a multi-actors leadership under the framework of the ASEAN. The fourth challenge is the absence of an Asia-wide regional security regime. China can use the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA) as a framework to construct Asia-wide regional security regime in the future. Looking to the future, China will be more active to conduct multilateral diplomacy toward neighboring countries under the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative.
作者
祁怀高
Qi Huaigao(the Institute of Interna?tional Studies,Fudan University)
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期43-64,156,157,共24页
World Economics and Politics
基金
上海市“建国70周年”研究系列2017年度重点项目“新中国周边外交史研究(1949—2019)”的阶段性成果
关键词
周边多边外交
地区机制
开放包容
竞争性多边主义
“一带一路”
multilateral diplomacy toward neighboring countries
regional institutions
open and inclusive
competitive multilateralism
Belt and Road Initiative
