摘要
目前胃癌(GC)的发病机制尚未十分明确,Lauren分型将胃癌按照组织病理学分型分为弥漫型胃癌、肠型胃癌以及混合型胃癌,其中肠型胃癌与胃黏膜肠上皮化生(GIM)密切相关,尽管胃黏膜肠上皮化生中只有少数肠化生患者最终发展为肠型胃腺癌,但肠型胃癌仍是最常见的胃癌形式。近年来,从胃肠化生进展到肠型胃腺癌的相关分子机制已被广泛研究。经研究分析发现从肠化生进展到胃癌,其过程与MYC、GOLPH3、HER2、TP53、FBXW7、ARID1A、hTERT、端粒、DNA甲基化、CD24、AQP3、LGR5、Ki67、SOX2、CDX2等分子因素密切相关,临床试验通过大量前瞻性对照研究等试验监测患者从胃肠化生进展到胃癌过程中其相关分子的改变,从而探究胃癌发生的分子基因学机制。本文将对从胃肠化生到胃癌以及胃癌进展过程中的相关分子变化做简要阐述,通过探讨胃癌的发生、转归,进而对早期胃癌的诊断及预防提供有效价值。
The pathogenesis of gastric cancer(GC)is still not clear.Lauren classification is used to divide gastric cancer into three types:diffuse type gastric cancer,intestinal type gastric cancer and mixed type gastric cancer according to histopathological classification.And the intestinal type gastric cancer is closely correlate with gastric mucosa intestinal metaplasia(GIM).Although only a small number of intestinal metaplasia patients eventually develop into intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma,intestinal type gastric cancer is still the most common form of gastric cancer.In recent years,the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression from gastrointestinal metaplasia to intestinal gastric adenocarcinoma have been studied extensively.Studies have shown that this transformation is closely related to molecular factors such as MYC,GOLPH3,HER2,TP53,FBXW7,ARID1A,hTERT,Telomere,DNA methylation,CD24,AQP3,LGR5,Ki67,SOX2,CDX2.Besides that,the molecular changes were monitored by numerous prospective controlled studies in patients from gastrointestinal metaplasia to gastric cancer,which were used to explore the molecular genetic mechanism of gastric cancer.This article will briefly review the molecular genetic changes which appear in the process of transformation from gastrointestinal metaplasia to gastric cancer.These changes are helpful to further understand the genesis and development of gastric cancer,and have effective value in the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and prevention of gastric cancer.
作者
石颖鹏
王敏娟
李程亮
SHI Yingpeng;WANG Minjuan;LI Chengliang(Department of General Practice Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,Xi’an 710077)
出处
《陕西医学杂志》
CAS
2019年第7期958-960,F0003,共4页
Shaanxi Medical Journal
关键词
肠化生
胃黏膜
胃癌
分子
发生
进展
Intestinal metaplasia
Gastrie mucosa
Gastric cancer
Molecular
Occur
Progress
