摘要
我国农用地土壤重金属污染现象严重,由此引发了受污染土地产出农产品的安全风险问题。重金属污染物通过大气沉降、污水灌溉、固体废弃物的溶解而进入土壤,通过生物链在人体内富集,威胁人类的生命健康。本文总结了我国立法构建了农用地土壤重金属污染和农产品食品安全2个方面的监管体系,确立了环境、农业、质检等多个部门的监管职责,指出了环境与健康综合监管缺失,行政部门协调性不足,监测手段操作性差,公众监督意识低等问题,提出建立环境与健康风险评价,从定性分析转向定量评估;协调职能部门,建立农产品跟踪回溯制度;采用操作性强的监测手段;同时在法律、资金、技术、意识等方面作出配套安排等应对策略,以期为农产品质量安全的有效监管提供参考。
The phenomenon of heavy metal pollution in agricultural land in China is serious, which has led to the safety risks of agricultural products produced by contaminated land. Heavy metal pollutants enter the soil through atmospheric deposition, sewage irrigation and solid waste dissolution, and are enriched in the human body through the biological chain, threatening human life and health. This paper summarized the legislative system of the 2 aspects of agricultural land heavy metal pollution and agricultural product food safety, and established the supervision duties of various departments such as environment, agriculture and quality inspection, pointed out the problems that the comprehensive supervision of environment and health was lacking, the coordination of the administrative department was insufficient, the monitoring means was poorly operated, and the public supervision awareness was low, proposed the establishment of environmental and health risk assessment, from qualitative analysis to quantitative assessment, coordination of functional departments, establishment of agricultural product tracking retrospective system, the use of highly operational monitoring methods, at the same time in the legal, capital, technology, awareness and other aspects of supporting arrangements, in order to provide references for the effective supervision of the quality and safety of agricultural products.
作者
刘惠明
蒋玉萍
张雨溪
LIU Hui-Ming;JIANG Yu-Ping;ZHANG Yu-Xi(Hohai University Law School, Nanjing 211100, China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
CAS
2019年第11期3605-3609,共5页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费项目专项资金资助(2018B21614)~~
关键词
土壤重金属污染
农产品
食品安全
监管对策
soil heavy metal pollution
agricultural products
food safety
regulatory countermeasures
