摘要
本研究以‘新饲玉13号’为材料,研究在滴灌春小麦-青贮玉米一年两作体系下的复播青贮玉米适宜的氮肥施用量。在滴灌条件下设置5个施氮水平(N1:104.4kg/hm2,N2:174.0kg/hm2,N3:243.6kg/hm2,N4:313.2kg/hm2,N5:382.8kg/hm2),以未施氮为对照(CK),分析施氮量对复播青贮玉米鲜草产量、氮素吸收利用和土壤硝态氮含量的影响。结果表明,随施氮量的增加,青贮玉米的植株干物质重、氮含量、氮累积量和鲜草产量呈增加趋势,而青贮玉米的氮肥当季回收利用率、氮肥农学效率和氮肥生产效率呈下降趋势;收获期在0~100cm土层内,不同施氮处理的土壤硝态氮含量均表现为随土层加深逐渐降低,但施氮量大于243.6kg/hm2时,土层深度100cm处硝态氮大量积累,有向下淋洗的风险。利用一元二次方程拟合产量与施氮量之间的关系,明确了在该试验土壤肥力条件下青贮玉米鲜草最高产量的施氮量为244kg/hm2,经济施氮量为238kg/hm2。
In double cropping system of the drip spring wheat-silage maize,‘Xinsiyu 13’ was used as a material to study the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer application rate of sequential silage maize.In sequential cropping silage maize cultivation seasons under water-fertilizer intergration condition,5 N application rates (N1:104.4 kg/hm2,N2:174.0 kg/hm2,N3:243.6 kg/hm2,N4:313.2 kg/hm2,N5:382.8 kg/hm2) were set,and no N application was used as control (CK).The effects of different nitrogen application rates on the fresh grass yield and the uptake and utilization of nitrogen in silage maize and on nitrate nitrogen content in soil were determined.The results showed that the silage maize dry weight,fresh silage maize yield,nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation of silage maize increased with increasing nitrogen application rate,while the nitrogen recovery efficiency,nitrogen agronomic efficiency and nitrogen production efficiency decreased.Nitrate nitrogen content under all nitrogen treatments decreased gradually in the 0-100 cm soil layer during harvest period,but this was related to increasing nitrate nitrogen leaching in the soil,which was down to the 100 cm soil layer when nitrogen rate exceeded 240 kg/hm2.Based on the relation between N application rate and yield fitted by one variable quadratic equation,under the condition of soil fertility in this experiment,the nitrogen application rate needed for the highest fresh silage maize yield was 244 kg/hm2 and the economic nitrogen application rate was 238 kg/hm2.
作者
米娜瓦尔·艾买提
石强
张晓宏
郭刚
Minawaer Aimaiti;SHI Qiang;ZHANG Xiao-hong;GUO Gang(Xinjiang Vocational College of Agriculture,Changji 831100,China)
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
CAS
2018年第5期352-357,共6页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区公益性行业科研专项(201503115,201603115)
关键词
复播青贮玉米
施氮量
氮素吸收利用
土壤硝态氮
sequential cropping silage maize
nitrogen application rate
nitrogen uptake
soil nitrate nitrogen
