摘要
对不同程度土壤干旱胁迫下玉米根、茎、叶中脱落酸含量与产量形成进行了试验研究。充足底墒播种后采用 5个土壤水分处理 (分别占土壤田间持水量 >80 %、70 %～ 80 %、6 0 %～ 70 %、5 0 %～ 6 0 %、4 0 %～ 5 0 % ,代号为WT1～WT5) ,并遮去自然降水。试验结果表明 ,拔节期从中等干旱胁迫开始 ,玉米根、茎、叶中ABA含量大幅度增加 ,干旱加剧会使根和叶中ABA含量在高水平维持。在中等干旱胁迫下 ,通过根源信号ABA的产生、运输、累积和分配 ,在不影响光合作用的情况下抑制了叶面积的增长 ,提高了收获指数和叶片水平上的水分利用效率。另外 ,根源信号在根系形成和分布方面有重要意义 ,在一定程度上优化了根系有效水分利用。收获指数、叶片水平上的水分利用效率和根系有效水分利用 3个因素的协同作用 ,提高了中等干旱条件下植株的水分利用效率。
Experiments were conducted to study the relationship of abscisic acid content in leaf, stem, and root and the yield formation of maize under soil drought conditions in the root vertical observation field at Gucheng Agrometeorological Experimental Base of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science. 5 water treatments (WT 1-WT 5) were carried out on maize after planting with sufficient soil moisture, of which the relative soil moisture were >80%, 70%-80%, 60%-70%, 50%-60% and 40%-50% respectively. The precipitation during the growth season was kept out. It indicated that under moderate soil drought condition at jointing stage, ABA content in the Root (R ABA), Stem (S ABA) and Leaf (L ABA) increased significantly, and R ABA and L ABA maintained at high level accompanied with the soil drying. Under the moderate soil drought condition, the synthesis, transport, accumulation and distribution of ABA in maize did not affect the photosynthesis, but inhibited the development of leaf area, thereby increased the harvest index (HI) and water use efficiency (WUE). In addition, the root signal played an important role in the root construction and branching, thus optimized the water use in roots. The crop water use efficiency under moderate soil drought condition was increased by the coordinative action of HI, WUE and the effective water utilization in roots.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第9期888-893,共6页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家"十五"科技攻关项目 ( 2 0 0 1BA5 0 9B 15 )
