摘要
黑色素是结构单元中含有酚羟基、氨基和亚氨基的一类大分子,其主要成分为聚多巴胺,具有光保护、捕获自由基以及光热转换等功能,且拥有极强的粘附性,可以粘附在几乎一切材料表面。同时,黑色素中活性基团可作为活性位点与目标分子反应,因此较易实现对基材的表面修饰。黑色素可分为天然黑色素和人工合成类黑色素,天然黑色素可从动植物中提取,类黑色素由生物发酵或化学合成获得。虽然它们的结构存在差异,但它们具有类似的物理化学性质。从黑色素的结构、合成及形成机制、性质以及在纳米复合材料中的应用等方面进行了综述。
Melanin,a well-known macromolecule that is widely distributed in many parts of nature.Polydopamine is also a major pigment of naturally occurring melanin(eumelanin).As a kind of macromolecule containing a constitutional unit with catechol,amine,and imine.Melanin can scavenge radical,absorb ultraviolet rays and exhibits excellent photo-protective,adhesive properties,and photothermal conversion ability.Various substrates could be successfully functionalized with melanin.The functional groups on melanin can serve as both the starting points for covalent modification with desired molecules,so it is easy to modify the surface of diverse materials.There are two methods to prepare melanin models:natural melanin model and synthetic melanin-like model.The natural melanin model has been obtained from a biological source.The synthetic melanin-like model is obtained by chemical oxidation of dopamine or enzymatic oxidation of precursor molecules.Both natural melanin and melanin-like pigment show similar physical and chemical properties.In this paper,the structure and the mechanism of melanin formation,and the application of melanin in composites material are reviewed.
作者
汪洋
东为富
WANG Yang;DONG Weifu(School of Chemical and Material Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期470-479,共10页
Materials China
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51373070)
关键词
黑色素
聚多巴胺
表面改性
机理
复合材料
melanin
polydopamine
surface modification
mechanism
composites
