摘要
观赏凤梨原产于美洲热带及亚热带地区,是目前国内外花卉市场上的主要类群之一。本文分别从观赏凤梨的种质资源系统分类、保存与评价利用、遗传与育种研究,以及育种技术等方面进行了综述。目前,观赏凤梨的新品种选育仍以杂交为主。育种目标是苞片色彩丰富、花型多样、叶缘无刺、株型适中、生长期短、抗寒性好等。观赏凤梨杂交障碍主要表现为受精前障碍,受精后障碍则较少发生,切割柱头和花柱嫁接法可以有效克服杂交受精前障碍。由于大多数现行品种的遗传背景十分复杂,难以预见杂交结果,建议今后应加强多倍体育种和分子育种工作。
Bromeliaceae is one of the morphologically and ecologically diverse flowering plant families,which originally distributed in the tropics and subtropics of America. Their beautiful shapes and colors,low maintenance and easy adaptability have brought bromeliads into worldwide as ornamental plants. In this review,the achievements in taxonomy,conservation and utilization of Bromeliaceae germplasm resourses,breeding and genetics,and the new techniques in its breeding were collected and analyzed. To date,hybridization is still the main breeding approach for germplasm innovation in ornamental bromeliads. The breeding objectives that Colorful bracts,varied inflorescence shapes,spineless leaves,moderate plant type,early flowering,and excellent cold resistance are pursued by breeders. Strong prefertilization barriers were observed after intraspecific,interspecific and intergeneric crosses,but only minor postfertilization difficulties occurred in Bromeliaceae.To overcome these prefertilization barriers cut style and grafted style pollination techniques can be used to increase the percentage of fertilization. The parentage of most actual hybrids in commerce is very complex,and hybridization results are unpredictable. It is suggested that polyploid breeding and molecular breeding should be strengthened in the near future.
作者
张智
王炜勇
张飞
刘建新
ZHANG Zhi;WANG Wei-yong;ZHANG Fei;LIU Jian-xin(Flower Research and Development Centre, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 311202;Taizhou General Station of Cash Crops, Taizhou 318000)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期508-520,共13页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31101570)
浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y3110271)
浙江省‘十二五’花卉新品种选育协作攻关项目(2012C12909-17)
杭州市科技计划项目(20101532H06)~~
关键词
观赏凤梨
育种
种质资源
遗传
ornamental bromeliads
breeding
germplasm resourses
genetics
