摘要
近年来,境内外各类旅游突发事件频发,旅游突发事件的应急治理是亟待深入探索的难题。研究采用社会网络分析方法,择取8个省市旅游突发事件应急预案中应急组织成员单位的资料数据,测算并分析了我国旅游突发事件公共治理组织的合作网络特征,研究结果表明:(1)由64个成员组成的旅游突发事件公共治理合作网络凝聚力较高。(2)不同单位(部门)之间网络中心性相差较大。其中,旅游局、公安厅(局)、卫生计委(厅/局)、交通委(厅)、安全生产监督管理局5个成员的网络中心性最强,且在旅游突发事件应急处置中最为常见。(3)旅游局、公安厅(局)、卫生计委(厅/局)、交通委(厅)、安全生产监督管理局与台湾事务办公室这6个单位(部门)拥有的结构洞最多,在旅游突发事件公共治理网络中具有掌握信息和控制信息流通的优势。(4)依据节点属性与应急处置能力的差异,旅游突发事件的各个应急成员可以划分为核心部门和边缘部门。结合各个成员的应急能力与旅游突发事件演化阶段的特点,文章提出旅游突发事件的公共治理路径。为更好地改善和提升旅游突发事件公共治理效率,需要优化部门间的合作组织体制、形成有序的部门合作机制、健全信息共享和联动机制,以及建立合作约束与激励机制,形成旅游突发事件合作公共治理模式。
In recent years, various types of tourism emergencies have been a frequent occurrence in China and overseas: they have had a significant negative impact on economic and social environment.Handling tourism emergencies is a complex task, and it is difficult to achieve for single tourism administrative department. Multiple departments are necessary when coping with such emergencies.The present study’s research data derive from contingency plans for tourism emergencies formulated by eight Chinese provinces and cities: Fujian Province, Beijing, Guangdong Province, Hainan Province,Hunan Province, Shanxi Province, Chongqing, and Shanghai. This study examines the cooperative network characteristics among public governance organizations in China with respect to handling tourism emergencies;it does so by adopting a social network analysis method to measure network viscosity, network centricity, and structural holes. The following results were obtained.(1) The governance network for dealing with tourism emergencies comprises 64 emergency members, and it has high cohesive force. The network density is high;the average distance within the network is small, and member interaction within the network is relatively high. Close collaboration among departments can help deepen solidarity among network members and provide a firm basis for sectoral cooperation.(2) There are differences in network centricity with different departments. The following five bodies showed the highest network centricity: Tourism Administration, Public Security Department,Health and Family Planning Commission, Ministry of Transport, and Administration of Work Safety.Those organizations commonly deal with tourism emergencies: it is necessary that they should be incorporated into the public administration administrative system before such emergencies occur.(3) The following bodies have the most structural holes: Tourism Administration, Public Security Department, Health and Family Planning Commission, Ministry of Transport, Administration of Work Safety, and
作者
何月美
邹永广
HE Yuemei;ZOU Yongguang(College of Tourism, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China;Center for Tourism Safety & Security Research of China Tourism Academy, Quanzhou 362021, China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第4期51-65,共15页
Tourism Tribune
基金
2017年福建省高校杰出青年科研人才培育计划项目"区域旅游安全公共治理机制及路径研究"资助~~
关键词
旅游突发事件
公共治理
合作网络
网络结构
tourism emergencies
public governance
cooperation network
network structure
