摘要
在自然灾害发生后,受灾区域内同样受损的交通网络是实施人道主义救援的最重要物质基础,且其损毁情况将直接决定救援行动的效率和效果。为增强交通网络的抗毁能力和保障救援工作的交通效率,在灾害发生前需将有限应急资源合理用于交通网络中关键路段的加固等应急预防护工程。本文在不确定灾害风险环境下,考虑灾后交通网络连通性、出行效率鲁棒性和防护预算等约束,以最小化交通网络基础设施的灾前养护加固成本和灾后维修成本为优化目标,建立了不确定风险环境下的交通网络应急预防护的"一主多从"双层规划模型,并基于模拟退火算法和基于路径的梯度投影算法,设计了模型的求解方法。计算分析表明,算法收敛性好;预防护方案的决策成本与交通出行效率鲁棒性约束成反比;问题可行解的存在性同时受到出行效率和防护预算等约束的影响,尤其是预算的设施对问题是否存在可行解有较大影响。
After a natural disaster,the damaged transportation network in the affected area is the most important material basis for implementing humanitarian relief and the damage will directly determine the efficiency and effect of the rescue operation.In order to enhance the anti-destruction ability of transportation network and ensure the traffic efficiency of the rescue work,limited emergency resources should be rationally used for emergency prevention and protection policies such as reinforcement of critical links of the transportation network before the disaster occurs.This paper focuses on the problem of allocating limited retrofit resources over transportation infrastructures to improve the survivability,resilience and robustness of the transportation network,which facing with uncertain disasters.The bi-level programming model with one leader and multi-follower is developed to describe the problem,in which the objective is to minimize the total costs,including pre-disaster prevention and protection cost and post-disaster repair cost.And the constraints,including budget for protection,transportation network connectivity and robustness of travel efficiency,are also considered.The solution method is proposed,which is based on the simulated annealing algorithm and path-based gradient projection algorithm.The calculation and analysis show:the algorithm converges after 27 iterations;the decision-making cost of precautionary protection scheme is inversely proportional to the robustness of traffic travel efficiency;the existence of feasible solution of the problem is also affected by the constraints of travel efficiency and protection budget,when the budget is less than 84 ten-thousand,the problem has no feasible solution and when the budget is more than 285 ten-thousand,the feasible solution is always existed.
作者
侯君红
蒋琦玮
毛成辉
秦进
张林雪
HOU Jun-hong;JIANG Qi-wei;MAO Cheng-hui;QIN Jin;Zhang Lin-xue(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Ministry of Education(Central South University),Changsha 410075,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《系统工程》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第11期105-112,共8页
Systems Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71101155)
湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2015JJ2184)
关键词
交通工程
交通网络
应急预防护
连通性
双层规划模型
模拟退火算法
Traffic Engineering
Transportation Network
Emergency Prevention
Connectivity
Bi-level Programming Model
Simulated Annealing Algorithm
