摘要
目的测试易筋经训练前、后中老年原地垂直纵跳动作下肢运动学、动力学、肌肉活性数据,分析易筋经练习对中老年下肢及下肢各关节动力学参数、下肢各关节周围主要肌肉贡献度的影响。方法:将42名中老年受试者随机分为易筋经训练组和健康教育对照组。训练前、后采集受试者纵跳过程运动学数据,同步采集动力学数据,分析地面反作用力时间特征,计算下肢刚度和下肢各关节刚度;同步采集下肢肌表面肌电信号数据,计算肌肉贡献度。结果:实验前两组间、实验后对照组内各数据没有显著差异。与实验前及对照组相比,实验后训练组纵跳离心初期和向心期时间百分比显著降低,离心后期时间百分比显著增加;髋、踝关节刚度显著提高;膝关节刚度及下肢刚度没有显著变化。臀大肌贡献度显著升高,阔筋膜张肌、腓肠肌外侧头贡献度显著降低,其余各肌贡献度没有显著变化。结论:易筋经练习能显著提高中老年下肢肌肉力量及爆发用力,提高下肢运动能力;显著提高髋、踝关节刚度,控制膝关节刚度并维持下肢刚度相对稳定;显著提高伸髋肌作用,减少辅助肌参与度并缓解跖屈肌紧张,提高下肢各关节周围肌肉间协调性,降低膝外侧疼痛及跟结节疼痛风险。
Objective: To test the kinematics, dynamics and muscle activity of lower limbs in elders during countermovement jump before and after Yi-Jin-Jing training(muscle-bone strengthening exercise),and investigate the effects of Yi-Jin-Jing on lower limb and its joint kinetics parameters,muscle contribution about each joint.Methods: 42 health elders were randomly divided into training and health educational groups.Before and after training,the kinematics and kinetics data were synchronously collected during countermovement jump.Time features of ground reaction force were analyzed and lower limb Stiffness and its joint stiffness were calculated.Synchronously,surface electromyography data of lower limb muscles were collected and muscle contributions were calculated. Results: There’s no obvious difference between two groups before training,or within control group in all data. After training,when compared with control group and before training,time percent in initial stage of eccentric and whole phase of concentric were observably shorter,while time percent in later stage in eccentric was observably longer during countermovement jump( CMJ) in Yi-Jin-Jing training group. Hip and ankle stiffness were significantly higher. There’s no significant differences in knee stiffness and leg stiffness. Gluteus maximus contribution raised observably,tensor fasciae latae and lateral head of the gastrocnemius contrbution reduced significantly. There were no changes in other muscle contribution. Conclusion: Yi-Jin-Jing training can observably elevate strength and power of lower limbs in elders,elevate lower limb motor ability. Stiffness of hip,ankle was observably enhanced and knee stiffness were controlled to maintain leg stiffness. Hip extensor contribution was observably enhanced,so that the auxiliary muscle contribution and plantar flexors’ overstrain were observably reduced,ultimately,the sports coordination of lower limb joints were elevated and the risk of pain in knee lateral and calcaneal tuber were lowered.
作者
井兰香
黄灵燕
王亚薇
高明
JING Lan-xiang;HUANG Ling-yan;WANG Ya-wei;GAO Ming(School of P.E.,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066044,Hebei,China;School of Sports Science,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China)
出处
《山东体育学院学报》
北大核心
2019年第2期82-89,102,共9页
Journal of Shandong Sport University
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金(31701041)
河北省社科基金项目(HB16TY022)
关键词
易筋经
纵跳
下肢刚度
关节刚度
肌肉贡献度
Yi-Jin-Jing
countermovement jump
lower limb stiffness
joint stiffness
muscle contribution
