摘要
准确模拟温室作物蒸腾对于制定科学合理的灌溉制度及温室环境调控具有重要意义,该研究基于2017年秋冬季和2018年春夏季Venlo型温室黄瓜生育期内微气象数据、黄瓜生长发育指标和植株蒸腾,对Penman-Monteith(PM)模型中关键参数—冠层阻力和空气动力学阻力进行研究。通过分析黄瓜叶片孔阻力与温室内气象因子的响应关系,构建了由黄瓜有效叶面积指数及叶片孔阻力模拟冠层阻力的子模型;采用基于风速的Perrier对数法和基于温室对流类型的热传输系数法计算温室内低风速环境下的空气动力学阻力,并评价不同方法的适用性。结果表明:叶片孔阻力与太阳辐射呈指数关系(R^2=0.89),可通过观测温室内太阳辐射计算黄瓜叶片孔阻力;应用热传输系数法确定空气动力学阻力时,温室内对流类型绝大多数时间为混合对流;2种方法计算的温室内空气动力学阻力变化幅度均较小,Perrier对数法计算的春夏季和秋冬季空气动力学阻力平均值分别为388和383 s/m,热传输系数法计算的空气动力学阻力平均值分别为141和158 s/m;基于2种空气动力学阻力计算方法,PM模型模拟的植株蒸腾与实测值均具有较好的一致性,但采用Perrier对数法计算空气动力学阻力时,PM模型低估了植株蒸腾,春夏季和秋冬季拟合线斜率分别为0.87和0.91;而采用热传输系数法计算空气动力学阻力时,PM模型可更准确的模拟该地区温室黄瓜植株蒸腾,春夏季和秋冬季拟合线斜率分别为1.00和0.94,R^2分别为0.91和0.95,均方根误差分别为46.15和12.45 W/m^2。该研究结果为实现PM模型在Venlo型温室环境的准确应用提供了参考。
Accurate determination of crop transpiration in greenhouses is very important in making exact irrigation scheduling and climate control. The most common method for calculating crop transpiration is the Penman-Monteith(PM) model. In this study, we analyzed the estimating methods of cucumber transpiration by PM method in greenhouse of South China. We measured meteorological data, transpiration and plant growth indicators of cucumber during 2 planting seasons(autumn-winter season in 2017 and spring-summer in 2018) in a Venlo-type greenhouse in south China. The PM model was used to predict the transpiration based on the data averaged over 30-min intervals using different approaches in the calculation of aerodynamic resistance(Perrier logarithm approach and heat transfer coefficient approach). The results showed that transpiration of the cucumber plants was mainly affected by meteorological factors when there was sufficient water supply. The fluctuations of transpiration were consistent with solar radiation, air temperature and canopy temperature, and reached the maximum at noon, while relative humidity of air had the opposite trends. Canopy temperature of the cucumber plants were lower than the air temperature during daytime. The maximum differences between air temperature and canopy temperature were 4.4 ℃(spring-summer season) and 2.0 ℃(autumn-winter season) due to the evaporative cooling during high transpiration rates at noon time. By analyzing the response relationships between the stomatal resistance and the meteorological factors, a sub-model was constructed by using the effective leaf area index and stomatal resistance to simulate the canopy resistance of the PM model. A significant exponential relationship between stomatal resistance and solar radiation was observed in the study(R2 = 0.89). The simulated canopy resistance determined by stomatal resistance and leaf area index remained constant during the night, with 533 and 574 s/m for spring-summer and autumn-winter season, respectively, and 96 and 112 s/
作者
闫浩芳
赵宝山
张川
黄松
付翰文
鱼建军
Samuel Joe Acquah
Yan Haofang;Zhao Baoshan;Zhang Chuan;Huang Song;Fu Hanwen;Yu Jianjun(Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology,Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;Institute of Agricultural Engineering,Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第8期149-157,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(51609103
51509107)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK20150509)
中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室开放基金(FIRI2019-03-0203)
关键词
蒸腾
热传输系数
空气动力学
气孔阻力
冠层阻力
对流类型
transpiration
heat transfer coefficients
aerodynamics
stomatal resistance
canopy resistance
convection type
