摘要
蒸散发时空尺度信息是作物高效用水调控与节水灌溉管理的基础,某一尺度下获得的蒸散发理论或参数具有高度的尺度依赖性,蒸散发多时空尺度耦合关系的缺乏常导致人们对农业用水效率与效益评价的片面性,因而多尺度蒸散发估测与时空尺度拓展方法研究对优化区域灌溉制度、实现区域农业水资源可持续利用有着非常重要的理论和实际意义。本文系统评述了多尺度蒸散发监测方法和估算模型,指出了其适用的尺度、适宜的应用条件及其优缺点,评述了现有蒸散发多时空尺度拓展方法,表明量化作物对多因子的协同耦合响应机制,研究多方法、多时空尺度下多源蒸散发监测数据融合技术,构建不同时空尺度间的蒸散发拓展模式,建立将时空尺度二维耦合、水-热-碳耦合纳入统一系统的蒸散发转换体系将成为未来的研究热点。
Information of evapotranspiration（ET） at different spatial-temporal scales over croplands is the basis of high-efficient water consumption control and water-saving irrigation management. However, evapotranspiration theory or model parameter at certain scale is highly relied upon the scale. Due to the lack of knowledge of the multi-scale ET spatio-temporal coupling, an incomprehensive understanding to the agricultural water evaluation may lead to incorrect irrigation regime. Therefore, researches on conversion methods for ETs at various spatio-temporal scales are of significant importance for improving regional irrigation regime and maintain sustainable development of agricultural water resources. This study systematically reviewed the measurement and estimation methods for ETs at various spatio-temporal scales, and evaluated the applicability and pros/cons of each method. A further review of the conversion method for ETs at various spatio-temporal scales was given, presenting future study highlights, including the current research focuses such as cooperation coupling response mechanism of crops for multi-factors, the integration technology of multi-source ET data from various methods at different spatio-temporal scales, the theoretic conversion model at various spatio-temporal scales, and spatio-temporal coupling scales and water-heat-carbon in a unified system. And the future research emphasises were detailed shown as follow：
1） Three aspects of research highlights on ET estimation method were listed below. Firstly, the research highlights on ET estimation model mainly focus on integrating the response mechanism of the crops to many factors such as water, fertilizer, air, heat, light, soil and living beings, building up a regulation control equation for quantitative coupling and developing the ET estimation method of heterogeneous underlying surfaces in several combination modes including partial irrigation and film covering. On the other hand, the key research on ET measuring method comprises the meth
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第6期8-16,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51379217
91425302
91125017)
关键词
蒸散发
尺度
灌溉
时间尺度
空间尺度
时空耦合
尺度拓展
evapotranspiration
scales
irrigation
temporal scale
spatial scale
spatio-temporal coupling
scale expand
