摘要
为探究双孢蘑菇二次发酵培养料各项理化参数和酶活与产量的关系以及各参数对产量形成所起的作用,为制作和评价高产的二次发酵培养料提供科学依据,该研究以10批不同原料做堆肥,采用二次发酵技术进行隧道式发酵,按照工厂化栽培工艺进行出菇管理。取每批二次发酵结束后的培养料,测定含水率、pH值、EC值、碳质量分数、氮质量分数、碳氮比等理化性质和纤维素、半纤维素质量分数以及木聚糖酶、羧甲基纤维素酶(CMC)、α-纤维二糖水解酶、木糖苷酶、α-阿拉伯呋喃糖苷酶酶活等13个指标并进行主成分分析、聚类分析。统计每批双孢蘑菇产量并利用多元回归分析各指标与产量的关系。结果表明半纤维素酶、纤维素酶、pH值、EC值、氮质量分数、碳水化合物相关指标是二次发酵培养料指标的主成分因子。主成分分析在二次发酵培养料的13个指标中提取出4个主成分,分为碳水化合物因子,主要的纤维素降解酶类,EC值和氮质量分数,主要的半纤维素降解酶类,贡献率分别为31.176%、18.45%、18.34%、16.08%,前4个主成分累积贡献率达84.04%,代表原始因子的大部分信息,结果客观可信。聚类分析将13个指标聚为4类,分别为碳水化合物变化因子,EC值和氮质量分数,半纤维素降解酶类,pH值。多元回归分析建立的CMC酶活、木聚糖酶酶活和纤维素质量分数与单位面积产量的关系公式拟合度较好,显著性较高。木聚糖酶、CMC酶活与双孢蘑菇产量存在正线性关系,纤维素含量与双孢蘑菇产量存在负线性关系,此方程可以预测发酵培养料种植双孢蘑菇可能的产量。3种方法综合分析表明,双孢蘑菇产量受培养物料中各理化指标及酶活共同影响,其中木聚糖酶、CMC酶活性与双孢蘑菇产量关系更为密切,呈正相关。
In order to explore the relationship between the yield of Agaricus bisporus with physicochemical properties of the secondary fermentation substrates used for Agaricus bisporus cultivation and the effect of various factors on the yield formation,to provide a scientific reference for the production and evaluation of fermentation substrates increasing the yield of Agaricus bisporus,10 batches of different raw materials were used to make compost and tunnel fermentation technology was used for fermentation.The temperature and humidity of the mushroom house were monitored and adjusted through the air conditioning automatic control system to ensure the growth of Agaricus bisporus.The fermented substrates were sampled,and the physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of which were determined,such as water content,pH,EC,carbon content,nitrogen content,carbon-nitrogen ratio,cellulose and hemicellulose content and the enzyme activity of xylanase,carboxymethyl cellulase(CMC),α-cellobiohydrolase,xylosidase,α-arabinofuranosidase and so on,totally 13 factors.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to classify these factors.Counting the yield of each batch of Agaricus bisporus and using multiple regression analysis the relationship between the factors and the yield of Agaricus bisporus were established.The results showed that hemicellulase and cellulase,pH,EC,nitrogen content and carbohydrate related factors were the main components of the fermentation substrates.Principal component analysis extracted 4 principal components from 13 factors,which were divided into carbohydrate change factor,main degrading enzymes of cellulose,EC value and nitrogen content,main degrading enzymes of hemicellulose.The variance contribution rate were 31.18%,18.45%,18.34%,and 16.08%,respectively.Their cumulative contribution rate was 84.04%,which represented most of the original factor.Cluster analysis clustered 13 factors into 4 categories,namely carbohydrate change factor,EC value and nitrogen content,degrading enzymes of
作者
蔡盼盼
张文强
张昊琳
王清辉
张国庆
陈青君
Cai Panpan;Zhang Wenqiang;Zhang Haolin;Wang Qinghui;Zhang Guoqing;Chen Qingjun(College of Plant Science and Technology,Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique,Beijing University ofAgriculture,Beijing 102206,China;Xingchunhe Agricultural Co.,Ltd,Luanping 068250,China;College of BiologicalScience and Engineering,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China) Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing University ofAgriculture,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第7期231-237,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
2018年现代农业产业技术体系北京市食用菌创新团队建设经费(BAIC05-2018)
北京市农委农业科技项目(20180125)
关键词
发酵
基质
物理性质
化学性质
酶活性
双孢蘑菇
产量
fermentation
substrates
physical properties
chemical properties
enzyme activity
Agaricus bisporus
yield
