摘要
高分四号卫星具有响应速度快、重复观测周期短等优势,是监测溃决型洪水发展变化状况的有效手段。以江西省鄱阳县河堤溃口引发的洪水灾害为例,将灾区灾后多时相的高分四号卫星连续监测图像与灾前高分一号卫星图像结合,提出空间位置关系约束条件下的溃决型洪水范围提取方法。通过构建人口评估模型,实现受灾人口的快速估算。应用结果表明:高分四号卫星能及时监测突发性溃决型洪水,并能根据实际需求实现对灾区的连续监测;基于高分四号卫星图像的洪水范围提取和受灾情况评估方法,简便易行、准确性高,可用于溃决型洪水范围及其变化的监测评估。根据溃决型洪水灾害监测评估的实际应用需求,从多种卫星的组合观测、地球静止轨道卫星性能指标提升等方面提出了高分四号卫星应用和后续卫星研制建议。
The GF-4 satellite has the advantages of fast response and short repetitive observation period, so it is an effective means to monitor the development and change of flood. Taking the flood disaster caused by the break of river embankment in Poyang County of Jiangxi Province as an example, the post-disaster monitoring images of GF-4 satellite in the multi-temporal period is combined with the pre-disaster GF-1 satellite image, and the extraction method of the outburst flood range under the constraint of spatial positional relationship is proposed. A quick estimate of the affected population is achieved by building a population assessment model. The following conclusions can be drawn from the experiment. GF-4 satellite can be used to monitor sudden bursting floods in time. The satellite can realize continuous monitoring of disaster areas according to actual needs. The method of flood range extraction and disaster assessment based on GF-4 satellite images is simple, feasible and accurate, and can be used to monitor and evaluate the scope and change of burst flood. According to the practical application requirements of burst flood monitoring and assessment, some suggestions are put forward on the application of GF-4 satellite and the following satellite development work from the perspective of combined observation of various satellites and the improvement of performance indexes of geostationary satellites.
作者
吴玮
WU Wei(National Disaster Reduction Center of China, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100124, China)
出处
《航天器工程》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期134-140,共7页
Spacecraft Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1508901)
国家重大科技专项工程(50-Y20A08-0508-15/16
30-Y20A02-9003-15/16)
关键词
高分四号卫星
溃决型洪水灾害
水体信息
GF-4 satellite
outburst flood disaster
water body information
