摘要
清末民国时期,中国人对"第二次鸦片战争"的认识随着时代的变化不断发生改变,通过近百部历史教科书作文本分析,可从战争爆发原因、关键人物与事件、历史影响等三个层面审视"第二次鸦片战争"。早期教科书以事实描述为主,很少对原因和影响进行讨论;之后汪荣宝《中学中国历史教科书·本朝史》在确立战争叙事框架上意义甚大,此后出版的教科书大抵未能脱其窠臼。1929年以后,作为近代史起点的鸦片战争成为教科书讨论的重点,"第二次鸦片战争"的意义则在帝国主义侵略的叙述中隐而不见。教科书中有关叶名琛和"火烧圆明园"的表述,反映了近代知识体系构建的复杂性,两次鸦片战争历史定位的此消彼长也显示出重审这段历史叙事的必要性。
During the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China,Chinese people’s perception of "the Second Opium War" changed with the change of time.Through text analysis of nearly one hundred textbooks,this paper examines how this perception appeared and evolved from three aspects-causes of war,key persons and events,as well as historical influence.In the early time,the textbooks focused on the description of facts rather than the analysis of causes and influences.Wang Rongbao’s Middle School Chinese History of the Present Dynasty,published in 1909,established the narrative framework of "the Second Opium War",which influenced subsequent textbooks to stress the importance of the war.In the textbooks after 1929,the Opium War was viewed as the starting point of modern China,while the significance of the Second Opium War was ignored in the narrative of imperialist aggression.The descriptions concerning Ye Mingchen and the burning of Imperial Palace reflect the complexity of the construction of modern knowledge systems,and different opinions about the historical position of the two opium wars display the necessity of re-examining the historical writing of this war.
出处
《史学月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期71-81,共11页
Journal of Historical Science
关键词
教科书
第二次鸦片战争
英法联军
历史书写
textbook
the Second Opium War
the Anglo-French Allied Forces
historical writing
