摘要
史书编纂体例是对历史如何进行组织安排的一种形式,是中国史学史研究的重要方面。晚清是中国史书编纂体例发生重要转变的时代,史书编纂上最关键的变化是引入了章节体。以往学者在讨论章节体史书时,或以为该体例是传统纪事本末体的逻辑发展,或认为是以日本东洋历史教科书为蓝本的。在晚清史书编纂体例变化的过程中,事实上存在着一个由卷章段体到章节体转变的过程。其中有诸多转变的环节。本文认为最早的卷、章、段合成的史书体例出现于19世纪八十年代引进的外国史书体例中,其中第一环节为美国传教士谢卫楼编译的《万国通鉴》,该书卷章段体例是影响后来章节体史书的一个重要过渡环节,是最为接近于后来章节体的史书之一,为后来国人接受日本学者以章节体所编纂的中国通史作了重要的铺垫。第二环节为上海东文学社出版的那珂通世《支那通史》和桑原骘藏的《东洋史要》,两书引入了较为成熟的章节体史书体例和较早采用了历史分期法,首次向中国人展示了一种编写中国历史教材的崭新形式,即不仅可以章节体的形式,而且以历史时期划分来还原中国历史的本相。中国史家柳诒徵和夏曾佑等在重新思考与改造传统史书编纂形式的过程中,都直接或间接地借鉴了日本章节体中国通史的形式。
How to compile a history book is very important in the researches of history. The late Qing dynasty is the times when the compilation style was changing. This paper thinks that the earliest history book in the styles of volume, chapter and paragraph was Outlines of General History written by D. Z. Shffeld （1841 -1931 ） in the 1880s, which is similar in the writing style of chapter and section, having laid a foundation for a later recognition of Chinese history books by Japanese scholars. This is the first stage and the second stage is the appearances of the two books General History of China and The Concise Orient History which adopted the styles of chapter and section, which is the first time for China to see this new style. In writing history books some Chinese scholars also adopted this style in a direct or indirect way.
出处
《河北学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第2期1-10,共10页
Hebei Academic Journal
关键词
《万国通鉴》
《支那通史》
《东洋史要》
史书编纂体例
章节体
Outlines of General History
General History of China
The Concise Orient History
writing style of history book
style of chapter and section
