摘要
结合生态学尺度、空间异质性概念,选取生态学实验室实验和野外实验为分析对象,分别以高斯的人工微宇宙实验、生物圈2号实验,以及草原围栏封育实验为例,对生态学实验室实验和野外实验的地方性特征进行了分析,发现生态学实验是局部性的和情境化的,并且在实验操作上具有物质、成分或仪器的选择和使用方式上的差别,测量或取样所用剂量和实验工序的差别,以及对实验控制方面的差别,从而也具有地方性特征。充分认识并正视生态学实验的地方性特征,有助于打破传统科学哲学和自然科学追求普遍性知识的迷思,并有利于生态学研究的发展。
Combining the concepts such as scale and spatial heterogeneity,ecological laboratory experiments and field experiments are analyzed,taking the Gause’s artificial microcosm experiment,the Biosphere 2,and the grassland enclosure experiment as examples. The localities of ecological laboratory experiments and field experiments are analyzed. It is found that the ecological experiments are localized and contextualized,and there are differences in the choice of the substance,composition or instrument in the experimental operation,the dose and the experimental procedure used for measurement or sampling,and control of the experiment. Thus there is also locality in the ecological experiment. Fully understanding and facing the locality of ecological experiment will help to break the myth of traditional science philosophy and natural science to pursue universal knowledge,and is conducive to the development of ecological research.
作者
林祥磊
LIN Xiang-lei(School of Politics and Public Administration, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao,Shandong 276826, China)
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期44-49,共6页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
基金
教育部人文社科研究基金青年项目(14YJC720017)
关键词
生态学实验
地方性
科学实践哲学
尺度
空间异质性
ecological experiment
locality
philosophy of scientific practice
scale
spatial heterogeneity
