摘要
为分析不同生长期对籽粒苋(Amaranthus hypochondriacus)干草和青贮饲料品质的影响,从而确定籽粒苋的最佳刈割时期,本研究以籽粒苋为试验材料,比较现蕾期、初花期、盛花期和成熟期4种生长期的籽粒苋调制的干草和青贮饲料的营养成分,以及籽粒苋青贮饲料的发酵品质。结果表明,1)随着籽粒苋生长期的延长,干草的粗蛋白含量和粗饲料相对价值指数均呈现逐渐下降的趋势,而中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量的变化趋势则相反。2)除现蕾期青贮饲料以外,其他时期的青贮饲料pH均在4.2以下,现蕾期青贮饲料发酵品质较差;成熟期青贮饲料乳酸含量与盛花期差异不显著(P> 0.05),显著高于其他生长期(P <0.05);成熟期籽粒苋青贮饲料的乙酸含量最低,氨态氮/总氮显著小于现蕾期青贮饲料(P <0.05)。随着籽粒苋生长期的延长,青贮饲料的粗蛋白含量逐渐降低,粗纤维含量则逐渐增加,成熟期青贮饲料的可溶性碳水化合物和淀粉含量显著高于其他时期(P <0.05)。综上所述,成熟期刈割的籽粒苋调制为干草和青贮饲料最为合适。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of growth stage on the quality of Amaranthus hypochondriacus hay and silage and thus determine the optimum cutting time for A. hypochondriacus. A. hypochondriacus at the squaring stage, initial bloom stage, full-bloom stage, and mature stage were used as experimental materials to make hay and silage, and to compare the nutrient composition of hay and silage and the fermentation quality of the silage. The results were as follows: 1) with the extension of growth stage, the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in A. hypochondriacus hay gradually increased, but the relative feed value decreased;meanwhile, the content of crude protein gradually decreased. 2) The pH was less than 4.2 in all silages except squaring stage silage, and the quality of silage in the squaring stage was poor. Compared with the squaring stage and initial bloom stage, the content of lactic acid in the mature stage was significantly increased (P < 0.05), but it was not significantly different from that of the full-bloom stage (P > 0.05). In addition, the content of acetic acid was lowest, and the ammonia nitrogen: total nitrogen ratio was remarkably lower than that of squaring stage silage. The relative feed value of A. hypochondriacus silage showed a tendency to be gradually reduced with the extension of growth stage, as did the content of crude protein. In contrast, the contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber both had an inverse trend. The contents of water soluble carbohydrates and starch in the mature stage were significantly higher than those in other stages (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that to make hay and silage, it is best to cut A. hypochondriacus during the mature stage.
作者
马健
孙国庆
卡德尔亚.库尔班
赵尚尚
邱昊日
森巴提.黑力木别克
李胜利
余雄
MA Jian;SUN Guoqing;Cardela ·Kurban;ZHAO Shangshang;QIU Haori;Senbati ·Heilimubuick;LI Shengli;YU Xiong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2019年第3期871-877,共7页
Pratacultural Science
基金
现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-36)
新疆农业大学大学生创新项目平台
国家级大学生创新训练项目(201810758009)
关键词
刈割时期
营养成分
发酵品质
粗蛋白
粗纤维
氨态氮
mowing dates
nutritional ingredient
fermentation quality
crude protein
crude fiber
ammonia nitrogen
