摘要
【目的】阐明万寿菊与烟草轮作防控根结线虫病的抗病机理。【方法】以小区试验的形式,采用线虫形态学鉴定的方法,研究了万寿菊和烟草轮作和连作种植模式对土壤线虫群落结构的影响。【结果】在一个生长季节中,4种种植模式下,烟草根际的线虫数量呈现上升的趋势,万寿菊根际线虫数量则呈现下降趋势,至作物生长的中后期,万寿菊连作模式下的土壤线虫数量最少,而烟草连作模式下的线虫数量最多;与连作模式相比,万寿菊-烟草轮作模式下的线虫多样性指数最高,而土壤线虫的总体数量较低,其中土壤中占优势的根结线虫等植物寄生线虫占比下降明显,其他非植物寄生线虫类群则受影响较小。【结论】万寿菊根系分泌物对土壤线虫有较为广谱的抑制作用,万寿菊与烟草轮作可以通过降低土壤中优势的植物线虫数量来有效改善土壤线虫种群结构,从而减轻烟草线虫病害,提高烟草产量。
【Objective】The aim of this paper was to clarify the disease resistance mechanism of marigold and tobacco rotation to control root-knot nematode disease.【Method】Using the method of nematode morphology identification,the effects of marigold and tobacco rotation and continuous cropping patterns on soil nematode community composition were studied in the form of plot experiments.【Result】The results showed that the number of nematodes in the rhizosphere of tobacco showed an upward trend in four growing seasons,and the number of nematodes in the rhizosphere of marigold showed a downward trend.In the middle and late stages of crop growth,the number of soil nematodes was the least in marigold continuous cropping pattern,while the number of nematodes was the highest in tobacco continuous cropping pattern.Compared with the continuous cropping pattern,the nematode diversity index in the marigold-tobacco rotation pattern was the highest,while the total number of soil nematodes was low,and the proportion of dominant plant parasitic nematodes such as root-knot nematodes decreased significantly,while other non-plant parasitic nematodes were less affected.【Conclusion】The root exudates of marigold had a broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on soil nematodes.Marigold and tobacco rotation can effectively improve the population structure of soil nematodes by reducing the number of dominant plant nematodes in the soil,thus reducing tobacco nematode diseases and increasing tobacco production.
作者
吴文涛
董莹
王晓强
陈柱生
吕德芳
杨成钢
谢勇
王扬
WU Wen-tao;DONG Ying;WANG Xiao-qiang;CHEN Zhu-sheng;LV De-fang;YANG Cheng-gang;XIE Yong;WANG Yang(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Yunnan Kunming 650201,China;Zhanyi District Management Station,Yunnan Zhanyi 655331,China;Zhanyi Extension Station for Biological Source Development,Yunnan Zhanyi 655331,China;Lingjiao Agricultural Technical Extension Station of Zhanyi District,Yunnan Zhanyi 655337,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期342-348,共7页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(31560502
311060361)
云南省烟草公司科技计划项目(2012YN06)
关键词
万寿菊
烟草
轮作
线虫群落结构
Marigold
Tobacco
Rotation cropping
Nematode community composition
