摘要
针对贵州辣椒产业发展中因长期重施化肥、过度依赖化学农药和连作现象普遍等导致的辣椒病虫害加重、产量降低等问题,在贵州省辣椒主产区遵义进行田间试验,研究生物有机肥不同施肥配方T_1(50 kg生物有机肥+100 kg复合肥)、T_2(100 kg生物有机肥+100 kg复合肥)、T_3(125 kg生物有机肥+75 kg复合肥)和T_4(150 kg生物有机肥+50 kg复合肥)对连作辣椒生长性状、产量、抗性等影响,旨在找到缓解辣椒连作障碍的最适有机肥施肥配方。结果表明,在适量复合肥的基础上,生物有机肥的施用增加了辣椒的株高、开展度、主茎直径和有效分枝等,辣椒的产量也显著提高,以T_4处理的效果最佳,T_2的效果次之。同时,生物有机肥的增施可显著降低疫病、病毒病、炭疽病等发病率和地老虎、蚜虫等发生率,其中以T_4处理的效果最好。因此,在适量复合肥的基础上,增施生物有机肥料,不仅能够提供给辣椒生长所必需的微量元素和矿物质,而且有机肥料中本身含有大量的微生物可以抑制土壤病虫害的生长,提高了辣椒的抗病性和产量。
Many reasons such as long-term heavy application of chemical fertilizer, excessive reliance on chemical pesticides, and continuous planting phenomenon, lead many problems including pepper pest aggravation and low yield. In the study, a field trial was conducted in Zunyi, which is the main pepper producing area of Guizhou province, and aim to study the effects of different fertilizer formulas of bio-organic fertilizer T 1 (50 kg bio-organic fertilizer +100 kg compound fertilizer), T 2 (100kg bio-organic fertilizer + 100 kg compound fertilizer), T 3 (125 kg bio-organic fertilizer +75 kg compound fertilizer), and T 4 (150 kg bio-organic fertilizer +50 kg compound fertilizer) on growth characteristics, yield, and resistance of continuous planting pepper. The aim of the study was to find the best organic fertilizer formula for alleviating the barrier of continuous planting. The results showed that the application of bio-organic fertilizer increased the plant height, development degree, main stem diameter, and effective branch of pepper, and significantly improved the yield of pepper on the basis of proper compound fertilizer. Out of these, T 4 was the best treatment, followed by T 2 . At the same time, the added application of bio-organic fertilizer can significantly reduce the incidence of blight, virus disease, anthrax and other diseases, and the incidence of field tiger and aphid, of which T 4 treatment has the best effect. It can be concluded from the results that adding bio-organic fertilizer to the soil on the basis of proper compound fertilizer can not only provide trace elements and minerals necessary for the growth of pepper, but also contain a large number of microorganisms in the organic fertilizer inhibiting the growth of soil diseases and insect pests, and improve the disease resistance and yield of pepper.
作者
罗希榕
罗银
李唐燕
唐相群
陈小翠
张小微
金松
覃成
LUO Xi-rong;LUO Yin;LI Tang-yan;TANG Xiang-qun;CHEN Xiao-cui;ZHANG Xiao-wei;JIN Song;QIN Cheng(Zunyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563006,China;College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China)
出处
《耕作与栽培》
2018年第6期5-8,共4页
Tillage and Cultivation
基金
贵州省科技支撑计划"辣椒耐连作障碍绿色防控技术应用示范"(黔科合支撑[2018]2373-2)
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金"贵州辣椒分子育种与种质资源创新平台建设"(黔科中引地[2017]4003)
遵义市科技计划"遵义市作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验"(遵市科合[2016]12号)
关键词
辣椒
连作
生物有机肥
化肥
施肥配方
生长发育
产量
pepper
continuous planting
bio-organic fertilizer
chemical fertilizer
fertilization formula
growth and development
yield
