摘要
2018年10月修订的《检察院组织法》第二十条将提起公益诉讼作为检察机关的职能。2018年4月颁布的《英烈保护法》基于公益维护之必要,将英烈人格权益纠纷纳入民事公益诉讼受案范围。按照特别法优于普通法之逻辑,英烈保护民事公益诉讼立法不得以创设新型实体权利僭越民事公益诉讼原有受案范围之界限。因《英烈保护法》赋予检察机关直接提起民事公益诉讼的"权利",检察机关对"公共利益"的认定须遵从具体标准而不可泛化。否则,将存在以公益维护的名义限制公民合法言论自由之虞。基于司法救济谦抑性原则,立法更应明确英烈保护民事公益诉讼程序的启动须以穷尽除刑罚外一切救济手段为前提。
Article 20 of the Organic Law of Procurator,as amended in October 2018,makes public interest litigation the function of the People’s procurator organs.Based on the need of public welfare maintenance,the Law on Protection of Heroes promulgated in 2018 included disputes over the rights and interests of heroes in civil public welfare litigation.Special law is superior to common law logic,and heroic protection of civil public interest litigation legislation cannot arrogate the limits of the original scope of civil public interest litigation by creating new substantive rights.Because the Law on the Protection of Heroes gives the People’s procurator the“right”to directly initiate civil public interest litigation,the people’s procurator must recognize but not generalize“public interest”which should comply with specific standards,otherwise there is the possibility of restricting citizens’legitimate freedom of expression in the name of public interest maintenance.Based on the principle of modesty of judicial relief,legislation should make it clear that the initiation of the civil public interest litigation procedure of heroic protection should be based on the premise of exhausting all relief means except punishment.
作者
王译
Wang Yi(School of Law/Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072)
出处
《河南财经政法大学学报》
2019年第2期71-78,共8页
Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law
基金
2017年国家社会科学基金一般项目"审判程序违法的类型化处理研究"阶段性研究成果(项目编号:17BFX053)
关键词
人格权
英烈人格权益
客观诉讼
起诉顺位
诉的合并
personality rights
the heroic personality rights and interests
objective litigation
order of prosecution
merger of litigation
