摘要
为获得内河船舶航行时的大气污染物排放特征,本研究基于船舶尾气测试系统测试了珠三角西江水域内航行的5艘内河船舶,识别了内河船舶气态污染物瞬时排放特征及基于燃油消耗量的排放因子,并探讨了船舶排放的PM_(2.5)化学组分特征及来源.结果表明:船舶在巡航行驶状态下气态污染物的排放浓度变化都较为平稳,货船污染物排放浓度明显高于快艇.CO_2、CO、NO、NO_2、NO_x、SO_2与PM_(2.5)的排放因子范围分别是3135.90～3149.90、3.10～12.03、30.87～41.18、3.90～7.43、36.36～48.61、0.08～5.50、0.32～4.17 g·kg^(-1).内河船舶排放的PM_(2.5)中碳组分、水溶性离子和金属元素的贡献占比分别为43.8%～64.2%、9.7%～39.0%和0.6%～3.4%,其中,有机碳/元素碳(OC/EC)比值范围为0.40～2.69,OC可能受船舶制动影响较大,润滑油损耗是重要来源.
In order to characterize gas-and particle-phase pollutants from river vessels,five cruising ships were measured by using portable emission measurement system in the Xijiang River in the Pearl River Delta.In this study,we identified the instantaneous emission characteristics of gaseous pollutants from inland river ships,evaluated emission factors based on fuel consumption,and discussed the chemical composition and potential causes of PM2.5.Results showed that gaseous pollutant concentrations during cruising are slightly fluctuant,and emission concentration of cargo ships are significantly higher than that of speedboats.The emission factors for CO2,CO,NO,NO2,NOx,SO2 and PM2.5 from river ships were 3135.90~3149.90,3.10~12.03,30.87~41.18,3.90~7.43,36.36~48.61,0.08~5.50 and 0.32~4.17 g·kg^-1,respectively.The contribution of carbon components,water-soluble ions,and metal elements in PM2.5 accounted for 43.8%~64.2%,9.7%~39.0%,and 0.6%~3.4%,in which the ratio of organic carbon/elemental carbon(OC/EC)ranged from 0.40 to 2.69.It also indicates that OC emission likely comes from lubricant burning,which highly depends on ship braking system.
作者
肖笑
李成
叶潇
王日超
于凯阳
谢岩
廖松地
黄志炯
郑君瑜
XIAO Xiao;LI Cheng;YE Xiao;WANG Richao;YU Kaiyang;XIE Yan;LIAO Songdi;HUANG Zhijiong;ZHENG Junyu(School of Environment and Energy,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006;Institute for Environmental and Climate Research,Jinan University,Guangzhou 511486;Guangdong Neilingding Futian National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau,Shenzhen 518040)
出处
《环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期13-24,共12页
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.41627809)
国家杰出青年科学基金(No.41325020)
广东省省级科技计划项目(No.2017B050504002)
关键词
内河船舶
瞬时排放特征
排放因子
细颗粒物
化学组分
river vessels
instantaneous emission characteristics
emission factor
particulate matter 2.5
chemical composition
