摘要
为了提高肥料利用率,减少过量施肥、灌溉对生态环境的负面效应,在温室不同水、肥条件下进行了黄瓜种植试验,以明确不同水肥条件下黄瓜产量、不同部位养分含量、氮肥偏生产力、灌溉水生产率状况及养分盈余量,探究减少肥料施用量及灌溉量对黄瓜产量及养分吸收的影响。结果表明,在农民习惯施肥量基础上适量减少肥料施用量未造成黄瓜减产;当施肥量相同时,常规灌溉较漫灌能保持黄瓜产量;当灌水量相同时,减少施肥量未造成减产,减水、减肥不会对黄瓜养分含量产生影响。此外,减少水肥用量还可以提高氮肥偏生产力以及灌溉水生产率。因此,与农民习惯水肥管理条件相比,减水减肥对温室黄瓜产量、养分吸收等影响不大。研究结果可为提高设施蔬菜水肥利用效率以及减轻环境污染提供理论依据。
To improve the utilization efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer and reduce the negative effects of excessive fertilization irrigation on the ecological environment,cucumber planting experiments were conducted under different water and fertilizer levels in greenhouse.The cucumber yield,nutrient content in different parts,partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer,irrigation water productivity and nutrient surplus under different water and fertilizer conditions were determined,and the effects of reducing fertilizer application and irrigation amount on cucumber yield were explored.The results showed that the yield of cucumber was not reduced by reducing the amount of fertilizer applied on the basis of farmers' habitual fertilization.When the amount of fertilizer applied was the same,the yield of cucumber could be maintained by conventional irrigation rather than flooding irrigation.When the amount of irrigation was the same,the reduction of fertilization did not reduce yield,and the reduction of water and fertilization would not affect the nutrient content of cucumber.In addition,reducing the amount of water and fertilizer could also improve partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation water productivity.Therefore,reducing irrigation and fertilization has little effect on the yield and nutrient absorption of cucumber in greenhouse,which can provide a theoretical basis for improving the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer and reducing environmental pollution.
作者
邹慧芳
李丽君
刘平
白光洁
普锦成
ZOU Huifang;LI Lijun;LIU Ping;BAI Guangjie;PU Jincheng(College of Biological Engineering,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030031,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2019年第3期393-397,共5页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
科技部重点研发项目(2016YFD0800105-5)
山西省财政支农项目(2016zzcx-13
2015zzcx-13)
关键词
减水减肥
黄瓜
产量
养分
温室大棚
reduce irrigation and fertilization
cucumber
yield
nutrient
greenhouse
