摘要
针对目前设施蔬菜品质差、氮磷流失严重的问题,通过小区试验,研究不同追肥减量幅度对设施西葫芦产量、品质及土壤氮磷损失的影响。结果表明,在目前农民习惯施肥(FP)基础上,随着追肥减量幅度的升高,西葫芦产量升高;各追肥减施处理的硝态氮含量呈现先下降后上升的变化趋势;西葫芦VC含量随着追肥减量幅度的加大而升高,硝酸盐含量则随之显著下降;随着追肥减量幅度的升高,西葫芦对氮的吸收显著提高,钾的吸收量也基本与减量幅度成正比,对磷的吸收则是减量20%处理(80%FP)最高,其次是减量30%处理(70%FP);氮的淋溶量随着追肥减量幅度的增大明显下降;追肥减量能降低磷淋溶量,80%FP最低。考虑产量收益及环境效益,在农民习惯追肥基础上减施30%处理是本试验条件下的最佳处理。
In view of the poor quality of vegetables in greenhouse and the serious loss of nitrogen and phosphorus,the field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different reduction range of topdressing on yield and quality of summer squash and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil.The results showed that with the increase of topdressing reduction range based on farmer’s conventional topdressing(FP),the yield of summer squash increased,the content of nitrate nitrogen decreased first and then increased;the V C content of summer squash increased,and the nitrate content in summer squash decreased significantly.With the increase of reduction range of topdressing,the absorption of nitrogen in summer squash increased significantly,while that of potassium decreased,and that of phosphorus was the highest under 80%FP treatment followed by 70%FP treatment.The leaching amount of nitrogen decreased obivously with the increase of reduction range of topdressing;topdressing reduction also decreased the leaching amount of phosphorus,and that of 80%FP was the lowest.Considering the yield of summer squash and environmental benefits,70%FP treatment was the optimum treatment under the experimental conditions.
作者
孙明
高新昊
李彦
薄录吉
井永苹
张英鹏
Sun Ming;Gao Xinhao;Li Yan;Bo Luji;Jing Yongping;Zhang Yingpeng(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Huanghe-Huaihe-Haihe Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Control,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong Environmental Protection Fertilizer Engineering Technology Research Center,Jinan 250100,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2020年第11期101-104,共4页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划子课题“项目区设施化肥减施增效技术效果定点监测”(2016YFD0201306-03)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目“集约化种植区面源污染综合防控技术”(CXGC2016B09)
山东省重大科技创新工程项目“主要农作物的精准简化施肥技术研究及效果评价”(2019JZZY010701-2)。
关键词
追肥减量
西葫芦
产量
土壤养分
氮磷损失
设施大棚
Topdressing reduction
Summer squash
Yield
Soil nutrient
Nitrogen and phosphorus loss
Greenhouse
