摘要
抽油机采油系统下冲程时,抽油杆柱靠自重下落所放出的位能和电动机付出的能量,把平衡重从低处抬到高处,变成平衡重的位能,即以平衡重位能的形式储存起来。上冲程时,电动机的输入能量和平衡重下落放出的位能都用来提升抽油杆柱和液柱向上运动,即对悬点载荷做功,提升抽油杆柱和液柱把井液举升到地面。整个系统的工作过程是一个功能传递和转化的过程。在研究抽油机采油系统运行过程中功能转化机理的基础上,首次应用功能原理得出电动机输入功率、系统效率的计算方法,该计算方法给出系统效率与油井生产参数、抽汲参数的函数关系。分析可知:系统的输出功率决定于产量,即产量确定,则输出功率确定;在满足一定泵吸入口处压力的条件下,尽量减小下泵深度,可以降低输入功率,提高系统效率;在保证油井产量的条件下,匹配抽汲参数时,采用较大泵、低抽汲速度可以提高系统效率。应用功能原理进行研究和分析,为提高系统效率、实现机械采油系统的节能降耗,提供理论上、方向性的指导具有重要意义。
When the pumping unit is in the down-stroke,the balance weights are carried from the low point to the high by the energy which is given by the motor and the energy which is released by sucker rod string dropping,in this process the energy is stored up in the form of potential energy of the balance weight.Afterwards,in the up stroke,the input energy of the motor and the potential energy released by the balance weight dropping are all used to lift the sucker rod string and the liquid column upward,that is,doing work to the suspension point load to lift the liquid to ground.The working process of the system is a process of energy transferring and transforming.On the basis of studying energy transferring and transforming mechanism of the pumping unit oil production system,the calculation method of the input power of the motor and the system efficiency is obtained for the first time.The calculation method gives the function relation between the system efficiency and the pumping parameters of the oil well.The analysis shows that:1.The output power of the system is determined by the oil well output,that is,when the output is determined,the output power is determined.2.Under the condition that the suction pressure requirement of the pump is satisfied,the pump depth can be reduced as much as possible to reduce the input power and increase the system efficiency.3.Under the condition that the oil well output is satisfied,the larger pump diameter and lower pumping speed should be adopted to improve system efficiency.It is of great significance that the work process of pumping oil production system is researched and analyzed by applying work and energy conversion principle.The result provides theoretical and directional guidance for improving the efficiency of the system and realizing the energy saving and reducing consumption of the mechanical oil production system.
作者
徐秀芬
李泓霏
曹莹
薛兴昌
周勇
XU Xiufen;LI Hongfei;CAO Ying;XUE Xingchang;ZHOU Yong(Northeast Petroleum University)
出处
《石油石化节能》
2019年第2期1-4,I0001,共5页
Energy Conservation in Petroleum & PetroChemical Industry
关键词
抽油机采油系统
系统效率
功能原理
抽汲参数
节能
pumping unit oil production system
system efficiency
work and energy conversion principle
pumping parameters
energy saving
