摘要
目的研究成人社区获得性肺炎(CAP)痰培养细菌谱与其耐药性。方法回顾性分析2014年1月～2017年11月收治的312例成人CAP患者资料,分析其痰培养菌种分布和细菌耐药。结果所有患者分离而得252株细菌与22株真菌,革兰阴性菌180株(占65.69%),革兰阳性菌72株(占26.28%),真菌22株(占8.03%)。革兰阴性菌对阿米卡星、氨曲南、哌拉西林他唑巴坦、亚胺培南和美罗培南较敏感,对氨苄西林严重耐药。革兰阳性菌对利奈唑胺、替拉考宁、夫西地酸和万古霉素敏感,其中溶血葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌对青霉素、复方新诺明、左氧氟沙星严重耐药。结论成人CAP耐药菌感染较多,耐药率高,根据痰培养和药敏试验结果合理选用敏感的抗菌药物可提高疗效,减少多重耐药发生。
Objective To study the bacterial spectrum and drug resistance of adult community acquired pneumonia(CAP).Methods A retrospective analysis of 312 adult CAP patients admitted from January 2014 to November 2017 was conducted to study the distribution of bacterial cultures and bacterial resistance.Results From All patients’sputum,252 strains of bacteria and 22 strains of fungi were isolated,180 strains of Gram-negative bacteria(65.69%),72 strains of Gram-positive bacteria(26.28%),and 22 strains of fungi(accounting for 8.03%).Gram-negative bacteria are more sensitive to amikacin,aztreonam,piperacillin tazobactam,imipenem and meropenem,and are severely resistant to ampicillin.Gram-positive bacteria are sensitive to linezolid,telaconine,fusidic acid and vancomycin,and Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are severely resistant to penicillin,co-trimoxazole and levofloxacin.Conclusion Adult CAP resistant bacteria have more infections and high drug resistance rate.According to the results of sputum culture and drug susceptibility test,rational selection of sensitive antibiotics can improve the efficacy and reduce the occurrence of multiple drug resistance.
作者
邱潮锋
吴晓文
黄奕荣
QIU Chao-feng;WU Xiao-wen;HUANG Yi-rong(Department of Respiratory Medicine,Dafeng Hospital Shantou Chaoyang,Guangdong 515154,China)
出处
《中国处方药》
2019年第2期8-9,共2页
Journal of China Prescription Drug
关键词
社区获得性肺炎
痰培养
细菌谱
药敏试验
耐药性
Community acquired pneumonia
Sputum culture
Bacterial spectrum
Drug sensitivity test
Drug resistance
