摘要
自从日本优生法受害者因实施强制绝育带来的不可逆伤害向日本政府提出诉讼,要求谢罪和赔偿以来,引发了世界各国包括我国伦理学界、法学界、社会学界以及公众的广泛关注。鉴于优生学和优生实践在我国近年出版的若干《医学伦理学》教材中得到支持和赞许,笔者认为有必要对优生学和优生实践进行进一步的分析和批判。通过简要回顾优生学和优生实践的历史以及日本优生法的演变,重点讨论了优生学的概念、优生学的错误、优生实践的效果以及我国个别省份优生条例存在的医学、伦理学和法律方面的问题。
Since Japanese victims filed lawsuits against the Japanese government over irreversible damages caused by forced sterilization conducted under Japanese eugenics law,these cases triggered widespread concerns in the circles of ethics,law,sociology,and the public worldwide as well as in China.In view of the fact that eugenics and its practices were praised by the authors of several textbooks of medical ethics recently published in China's Mainland,it is necessary for us to conduct further critical analysis of eugenics and its practices.In this article,an overview of the history of eugenics and its practices and the evolution of Japanese eugenics laws was conducted.Then the authors focused on the discussions of the concept of eugenics,the wrongs of eugenics,the effects of eugenics practices,and the problems existed in the regulations of healthy birth and bearing developed by few provinces in China.
作者
雷瑞鹏
冯君妍
邱仁宗
LEI Rui-peng;FENG Jun-yan;QIU Ren-zong(School of Humanities,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《医学与哲学》
2019年第1期24-29,共6页
Medicine and Philosophy
关键词
优生学
优生优育
强制绝育
人的平等
自主性
知情同意
代理同意
eugenics
healthy birth and bearing
compulsory sterilization
equality between human beings
autonomy
informed consent
proxy consent
