摘要
通过对107名幼儿及其母亲历时5年的5次追踪测量,考察了儿童早期(9～38个月)母亲生活压力对5岁时儿童行为问题的预测效应及其作用机制。结果发现,在儿童早期,母亲生活压力具有相对的稳定性,但引起母亲生活压力的主要生活事件排序有所变化;儿童早期母亲生活压力对儿童行为问题的作用机制有两种方式:一方面表现为母亲生活压力对儿童5岁时的情绪症状和品行问题的直接效应;另一方面表现为通过减少母亲积极养育行为进一步影响儿童情绪症状和同伴问题的间接效应;此外,儿童早期母亲生活压力还通过积极养育和儿童努力控制的链式中介作用对儿童过度活跃和亲社会行为产生影响。结论:母亲生活压力对儿童行为问题具有预测效应,这种效应的机制包括母亲生活压力的直接效应以及通过积极养育、努力控制的间接效应。
As the primary caregiver, mothers have the most frequent interactions with children and display the most significant influence on children’s development. If mothers experience intense life event stress, they may create a stressful environment for their children’s early development. Living in such a developmental environment raises children’s risk of behavior problems in later childhood. Regarding the predictive effects of maternal stress on child outcomes, two compensatory models are differentiated in previous research: one is the direct effect model, which emphasizes on the direct impact of parenting stress on children’s maladjustment; and the other one is the indirect effect model, which focuses on the mediating roles of parenting practices and child self-regulation in the associations between parenting stress and child behavioral problems. However, in contemporary Chinese society, urban mothers face different sources of stress in their daily life. Maternal life event stress represents a more comprehensive and ecologically-validated assessment of maternal stress in the modern China, than maternal parenting stress assessed solely. But it is still unclear that whether those models about parenting stress are applicable to maternal life event stress. Based on Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory, we focused on the direct and indirect effects of maternal life event stress throughout infancy and toddlerhood on child behavioral problems at preschool in this longitudinal study. Three research questions were examined: 1) Which life events are the main stressors for urban mothers during their children’s infancy and toddlerhood periods; 2) Does maternal life event stress in these periods exert a long-term direct effect on preschoolers’ behavioral problems; 3) Does maternal life event stress also impact preschoolers’ behavioral problems through parenting practices and children’s self-regulation? 107 families (50 boys and 57 girls) were recruited from the local communities and child care clinics in urban
作者
郝叶芳
王争艳
董书阳
刘斯漫
武萌
卢珊
HAO Yefang;WANG Zhengyan;DONG Shuyang;LIU Siman;WU Meng;LU Shan(Department of Psychology, Center for Child Development, Learning and Cognitive Key Laboratory, Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048, China;Faculty of Social and Behavioural Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584CS, The Netherlands;Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China)
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期85-95,共11页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31470994)
北京市社会科学基金项目(15JYB016)资助
关键词
母亲生活压力
行为问题
积极养育
努力控制
学前儿童
maternal life event stress
behavior problem
positive parenting
effortful control
preschooler
