摘要
作为有着悠久历史和灿烂文明的古国,被称之为"正史"的二十五史形成了中国史学的主流或"正统",而作为二十五史体裁的纪传体叙事,则构成了中国历史叙事的主要传统。纪传体是一种综合性的历史叙事体裁,自司马迁开创这一体裁的《史记》一书言之,它其实包括本纪、表、书、世家和列传等五个组成部分。考虑到本纪在所有二十五史中都处于位列第一的核心位置,因此,我们认为本纪所代表的世系叙事在中国历史叙事传统中有着特别的重要性,它构成了中国历史叙事传统的主要模式。这种世系叙事当然不是仅仅存在于叙事文本中的能指游戏,而是真实反映了中国古代血缘意识所具有的压倒一切的重要性。对于世系叙事来说,阐明世系是第一要务,只有在世系已明的前提下,才展开对各类重大事件的叙述,并对人物性格进行概述或刻画。《史记》中年代越往后的本纪或世家,在世系叙事上就越生动。
Twenty-five biographical history books,the so-called "official history" make up the mainstream or the "orthodox" of Chinese historiography in the ancient country with a long history and splendid civilization,and biographical narrative as a genre of twenty-five biographical history books,constitutes the main tradition of Chinese historical narratives.Biography is a kind of comprehensive historical narrative genre,initiated by Sima Qian in Shi Ji,which covers five parts including biographies of emperors,memorial to emperors,books,aristocratic families and other biographies.Taking into consideration of the core position of biographies of emperors ranked number one in all twenty-five biographical history books,we hold that genealogical narratives are of particular importance in Chinese historical narrative traditions,and it makes the main mode of Chinese historical narrative tradition.This kind of genealogical narratives doesn’t serve as a signifier in narrative texts,but reflects overwhelming importance of blood consciousness in ancient China.As to genealogical narratives,agenealogical exposition is the top priority,and only on the premise of which,are narrations of all sorts of great events and summarization or characterization of figures extended.In Shi Ji,the vividness of genealogical narratives tends to increase in chronological order of the biographies of emperors or aristocratic families.
作者
龙迪勇
LONG Di-yong(School of Arts,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)
出处
《江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2018年第6期42-53,共12页
Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目"图像与文字的跨媒介叙事研究"(项目编号:2018SJZDI134)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
《史记》
世系叙事
纪传体
本纪
中国历史叙事传统
Shi Ji
genealogical narrative
biography
biography of an emperor
Chinese historical narrative tradition
