摘要
一个人的流动经历与其健康状况密切相关,这种关系不仅与迁移的地理距离有关,也与迁出地和迁入地的文化差异有关。跨文化迁移一般是通过心理压力、生活方式、收入水平和社会网络等途径对移民健康产生影响。本文选取方言、饮食和观念距离作为文化距离的代理变量,使用2014年CLDS数据分析跨文化迁移对乡城流动人口健康状况的影响及其影响机制。描述性统计分析表明乡城流动人口对于流动的文化距离具有选择性,他们大多在同一方言区和饮食圈内部进行流动,流入地和流出地的观念距离也较近。基于Probit回归结果发现方言和观念距离对乡城流动人口健康状况有显著负面影响,收入水平和社会网络在其中起着中介作用,但饮食距离对乡城流动人口健康状况的影响不显著。本文为克服可能存在的内生性问题构建了PSM模型,同时使用地形距离这一客观变量作为工具变量,这两种方法得到的结果与上述结论基本一致。使用"诊断需住院"和"身体疼痛"两个客观指标进行稳健性检验后,基本结论依然成立,具有稳健性。此外,方言和观念距离对乡城流动人口健康状况的影响存在异质性,流动持续年份、性别、流动次数、本地方言技能是导致该异质性的重要因素。
The migration experience is closely related to migrants'health status,which is related to geographical distance and cultural distance.Cross-cultural migration generally affects migrants'health through psychological pressure,lifestyle,income and social network.When choosing dialectal,dietetic and conceptual distance as proxy variables of cultural distance,using the data from CLDS,the paper analyzes the cross-cultural migration's effect to rural migrants'health as well as the reasons causing this effect.Descriptive statistics show that rural migrants are selective to cultural distance.Most of rural migrants move to same dialect area and food circle,and the conceptual distance is also close.The Probit model results show that dialectal and conceptual distance has a significant negative impact on the self-assessed health of rural migrants,moreover,income level and social network play a role of mediation effect.The influence of dietetic distance is not significant.When applying PSM and IV Probit model to solve endogenous problems,the results reveal that conclusions of this paper are robust.Using two objective indicators for the robustness test,the basic conclusion is still valid.There are heterogeneities causing by rural flow's duration,gender,rural flow's times and local dialect's skill during analyzing cultural distance's effect to rural migrants'self-assessed health(SAH).
作者
王婷
李建民
WANG Ting;LI Jianmin(School of Economics,Nankai University,Tianjin,300071,China)
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期45-57,共13页
Population Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目:信息通信技术进步对中国劳动市场的影响研究(16CJY013)
关键词
乡城流动人口
跨文化流动
健康
Rural Migrants
Cross-cultural Migration
Health
