摘要
随着经济全球化呈现出的复杂局面,特别是中美贸易摩擦的出现,中国进一步提升跨境贸易便利化程度,对于形成全面对外开放新格局、推进构建人类命运共同体就显得尤为必要。近年来特别是2018年,北京市以世界银行指标体系框架为基准,深入推动跨境贸易便利化,在实践中取得了预期效果,起到了应有的引领示范作用。但同时也要清醒地认识其中存在的不足:时间上,在口岸货物周转流程,信息化程度,海关的申报手续、单证、异常问题处理机制、查验流程、审批流程透明度,口岸运行主体企业的分拨流程、安检及分拨设备配备管理、信息化程度、夜间及节假日分拨等方面存在问题;费用上,在收费透明度、下游企业议价能力、地面服务费、分拨费、仓储费和查验费等方面存在问题。总体来看,跨境贸易方面改进的空间依然很大,还需进一步深化改革。以海关为中心,推进监管模式创新;以国际贸易"单一窗口"为中心,提高通关全流程信息化水平;以跨境贸易企业为中心,建立闭环工作机制,在组织好企业的基础上畅通企业反映问题的通道,充分发挥企业在跨境贸易便利化治理方面的关键作用;以推进口岸治理体系和治理能力现代化为中心,形成具有活力、效率、开放、便利等特征的口岸营商环境,建立健全口岸价格形成机制、企业信用考核评价机制等。
With the increasingly complicated economic globalization,especially the China-US trade friction,it is of great significance for China to further improve cross-border trade facilitation in promoting the new arrangement of opening up and building a community with a shared future for mankind.Since 2018,Beijing has promoted cross-border trade facilitation based on the framework of the World Bank's indicator system,and made great achievements.But there are also some problems with that in terms of both time and fees.Generally speaking,we can further improve that by deepening reform.So,first,we should take customs as the center,and promote the innovation of the supervision mode;second,we should improve the information level of the whole process of customs clearance by taking the“single window”of international trade as the center;third,we should take cross-border enterprises as the center,establish a closed-loop working mechanism,and smooth the channels for enterprises to reflect problems on the basis of good organization,and give full play to the central role of enterprises in facilitating cross-border trade facilitation;fourth,we should take promoting governance system and capability modernization as the center,establish the port business environment with characteristics of vitality,efficiency,openness and convenience,and establish the port price formation mechanism and enterprise credit evaluation mechanism.
作者
刘登攀
LIU Deng-pan(Graduate School of Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing100091,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第1期72-81,共10页
China Business and Market
关键词
世界银行
营商环境
跨境贸易便利化
北京实践
通关效率
World Bank
business environment
cross-border trade facilitation
Beijing practice
the efficiency of customs clearance
