摘要
《老子》中的"物"主要分为"道"、天地、万物、器物等四类存在体。"道"是绝对的"有",是形上之"物",它开出了天地、万物等天然现象之"物"。"道"在展开自身的存在过程中孕育出天地,继而由天地的运作产生万物。在这一宇宙生成论中,"道"始终"不自为大"。天然现象之"物"依"德"而展开其存在。天地的"不自生"即是天地保持着自身合理的存在状态,天地与万物既有区别又有联系。万物分为自然物和人,万物的普遍存在状态是"自化",人如何"自化"影响着万物的整体走向。器物是人造现象之"物",是被动的存在体,其"德"本自万物。辨析《老子》之"物"具有三重意义:其一,理清层次、结构、关系、价值向度、侧重点、思想特色;其二,利于语词、文本的遴选和文意的理解;其三,进入"自"的向度。
The"Wu"in Lao Tzu can be divided into four types of existence,namely,"Tao",Heaven and Earth,Wan Wu,and Utensils."Tao"is an absolute"something"and is the metaphysical"Wu",which creates the"Wu"of natural phenomena such as Heaven and Earth,and Wan Wu."Tao"breeds the Heaven and Earth in the process of unfolding its own existence,and then the operation of Heaven and Earth breeds Wan Wu.In this cosmo-genesis theory,"Tao"is always"not self-sufficient".The"Wu"of the natural phenomena is based on"De"and then expands existence.The"not self-generation"of Heaven and Earth is that it maintains its own reasonable state of existence.Heaven and Earth are different and connected with Wan Wu.Wan Wu is divided into natural objects and people.The common state of Wan Wu is"self-motion".The way of people′s"self-motion"affects the overall trend of Wan Wu.Utensils are the"Wu"of the artificial phenomena.They are passive beings,and their"De"comes from Wan Wu.The analysis of"Wu"of Lao Tzu has threefold meaning:firstly,it helps clarify the level,structure,relationship,value dimension,focus,and ideological characteristics;secondly,it contributes to the selection of words and texts and understanding of the gist;finally,it leads to entering the"self"dimension.
出处
《中州学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第12期97-102,共6页
Academic Journal of Zhongzhou
基金
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"‘圆道’观念与先秦哲学之研究"(14YJC720024)
山东省社会科学规划基金青年项目"哲学视域下的先秦‘圆道’思想研究"(13DZXJ01)
第64批中国博士后科学基金面上资助课题"哲学视域下的先秦道家‘自我指称’概念群研究"(2018M643356)
关键词
“物”
“道”
天地
万物
器物
"Wu"
"Tao"
Heaven and Earth
Wan Wu
Utensils
