摘要
截止2017年底,我国公路隧道总数已达16 229座,并以每年约10%的速度快速增长。大量隧道、尤其是长大隧道建造过程中,塌方事故时有发生,造成了大量人员伤亡、经济损失和恶劣的社会影响。因此,预防塌方、保障安全是施工过程最重要的任务之一。目前隧道施工塌方已有很多研究成果,但多侧重于力学反演、案例分析,对塌方事故成因与后果分析不透彻。为此,在前人研究基础上,按成因、部位与形态不同,将隧道塌方总结为6种典型形式,并从环境、设计、施工、管理等角度分析了塌方成因,从岩体结构、地质构造、岩石强度与地下水情况分析了地质条件对塌方形成的影响,且结合工程案例分析,提出了塌方预防的基本方法与施工要点。该研究结果有利于指导断层破碎带、软岩富水段等不利围岩条件下隧道施工作业,预防塌方灾害发生,保障作业人员与机具安全。
By the end of2017,the total number of highway tunnels in China has reached16,229,the growth rate reaches about10%per year.Collapse accidents often occur,especially in the construction of long tunnels,resulting in a large number of casualties and economic damage,causing adverse social impact.Therefore,preventing landslides and ensuring safety has become the priority during the construction process.There have been many research results on tunnel collapse,but most of them are limited to mechanical inversion and case analysis,the cause and consequence analysis of collapse accident is not thorough.On the basis of previous studies,this paper summarizes the tunnel collapse into six typical forms according to its genesis,location and shape,and analyzes the causes of collapse from the aspects of environment,design,construction and management.Combined with the engineering case analysis,this paper puts forward the basic methods and key points of construction for landslide prevention.The research results are helpful to guide the tunnel construction under the unfavorable surrounding rock conditions such as fault fracture zone,soft rock and water-rich section,prevent the occurrence of landslide disaster,and ensure the safety of operators and machinery.
作者
程崇国
江星宏
CHENG Chongguo;JIANG Xinghong
出处
《公路交通技术》
2018年第6期97-104,共8页
Technology of Highway and Transport
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC08060010
2017YFC08060003)
重庆基础科学与前沿技术研究重点项目(cstc2015jcyjBX0118)
西藏重点科研项目(2016XZ01G31)
关键词
隧道
塌方
形态
预防
tunnel
collapse
pattern
prevention
