摘要
流域蓄水容量是山丘区小流域山洪预警指标确定时土壤干湿状态的分类依据。山东省山洪灾害防治区小流域蓄水容量的确定,一般是根据山东省水文图集中的三大水文分区确定,且各分区面积较大,而山洪预警中山丘区小流域的面积一般在20 km^2左右,以图集中各分区的平均蓄水容量,代表局地一个小流域的蓄水容量,可能存在较大误差,并且图集中的流域蓄水容量是根据1975年之前的流域水文气象资料推算的,而近40年来,流域下垫面条件发生了较大改变,流域蓄水容量也可能发生了变化。因此,为了更精确地确定半干旱半湿润的北方地区,特别是水文资料短缺或无水文资料的山丘区小流域的蓄水容量,该文采用SCS-CN模型确定小流域蓄水容量。以猪洞河流域为研究区域,精选1990-2008年的6场典型实测降雨径流资料,确定伊府水库之上猪洞河流域7个子流域的蓄水容量分别是116.49、90.53、84.57、121.48、111.34、94.95和76.52 mm,整个猪洞河流域的平均蓄水容量是95.82 mm。并采用实测降雨径流分析法和SCS公式法,求得猪洞河流域的蓄水容量分别是88.97和98.98 mm,与前述方法确定的蓄水容量相差分别为7.7%和-3.2%。因此,综合分析3种方法,可认为SCS-CN模型确定小流域蓄水容量是合理可行的。
Watershed storage capacity(Wm)is an important basis for the classification of dry or wet soil in the calculation of mountain flash flood warning index of small watershed in hilly regions.Based on the three major hydrological regions in Shandong hydrological atlas,the storage capacities of the three major hydrological regions(hereafter refer to as regional storage capacity)have 3 different values.Because of the larger area of major hydrological region and the small area(generally 20 km^2)of small watershed in hilly region for mountain flash flood warning,there may exists a large difference between regional storage capacity and the storage capacity of a small watershed in hilly region.In addition,the regional storage capacity was calculated based on hydrological and meteorological data in different regions before 1975.In the past 40 years,the underlying surface conditions of regions have changed greatly,and the regional storage capacity may have also changed accordingly.Therefore,in order to determine storage capacity of small watershed more precisely in the semi-arid and semi-humid northern region,especially in the hilly region that either lack data or no hydrological data,the SCS-CN model was used to determine storage capacity of the watershed with about 20 km2.Taking Zhudonghe watershed as an example,6 rainfall events(with large rainfall,long duration and high flow)and runoffs from 1990 to 2008 were selected,and simulated by SCS-CN model,through which 6 CN numbers of each subbasin of Zhudonghe watershed were determined which were 116.49,90.53,84.57 121.48,111.34,94.95 and 76.52 mm,respectively.The average storage capacity of Zhudonghe watershed was obtained by the method of area weighting.The storage capacity of Zhudonghe watershed was 95.82 mm.To test the reliability of this SCS-CN method,the methods of measured rainfall runoff analysis and SCS formula are used and obtained the average storage capacity of Zhudonghe watershed that was 88.97 mm and 98.98 mm respectively.The relative difference between SCS-CN mode
作者
王好芳
赵天宇
解明月
张金存
Wang Haofang;Zhao Tianyu;Xie Mingyue;Zhang Jincun(School of Civil Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China;South-to-North Water Diversion Dongxian Shandong Main Line Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,250013,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第B11期200-206,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
山东省山洪灾害防治技术应用研究项目(No:SZJSYY-YJ201501
SZJSYY-YJ201502)
关键词
流域
模型
蓄水容量
山丘区
watershed
models
storage capacity
hilly regions
