摘要
针对手工剥除椰子纤维外衣中存在的加工效率低、易造成人员受伤等问题,设计了一种基于蝼蛄爪趾特性的仿生钢丝辊刷除椰衣装置。该装置主要由钢丝辊刷、椰子夹紧机构和进给机构组成,其工作时依靠钢丝断面刃口勾刷椰衣纤维,结合钢丝的弹韧性实现除衣后不损坏椰壳。利用除椰衣装置开展参数优化试验,并运用Design Expert软件进行试验方案设计和结果数据分析。试验结果表明,辊刷转动速度对除椰衣厚度影响最大,刷毛栽植间距影响次之,刷毛直径影响最小;在辊刷转动速度一定时,随着刷毛栽植间距的增加,除椰衣厚度呈先增大再减小的变化趋势,但当辊刷转动速度增大时,除椰衣厚度的变化量不明显;当刷毛栽植间距一定时,随着辊刷转动速度的增大,椰衣去除的厚度会逐渐上升,刷毛直径的大小对除椰衣厚度的影响较为显著(P<0.05)。试验数据回归分析结果表明,除衣装置的最优组合参数为辊刷转动速度是970rad/min,刷毛直径是6mm,刷毛栽植间距是10mm,预测在最优参数组合下的除衣厚度为31.24 mm,通过重复试验证明最优组合参数可以到达规定的除衣厚度,且不损伤内部椰壳,满足椰子深加工需要。
In order to solve the problems such as low processing efficiency and vulnerable to injury in the manual peeling of coconut fiber,a device for removing coconut by bionic steel wire roller brush based on the characteristics of claw-toe was designed.Bionics studies show that many animals in nature have very perfect soil excavation and nut peeling organs after a long period of evolution,and gradually form an optimized geometric structure and excellent mechanical properties,so that they can obtain large cutting force during the digging and feeding process without damaging themselves.For example,the claw-toe can plane the soil surface easily,and the outer edge of claw-toe is curved blade structure and has certain elastic toughness.Because of the similarity between the removal process of coconut fiber and the action of digging soil and gnawing nuts,a mechanical method of removing coconut fiber by using steel wire roller brush was designed with claw-toe as the bionic prototype in this study.On the one hand,the working performance of coconut fiber removal mechanism is affected by the mechanical structure parameters,on the other hand,it is influenced by the irregular shape of coconut.The study was based on the technological requirements of coconut fiber removal and the natural characteristics of coconut.In this paper,a scheme of removing coconut fiber by bionic steel wire roller brush was put forward,and a device for removing coconut fiber was developed.The device was mainly composed of a steel wire roller brush,a coconut clamping mechanism and a feeding mechanism,which can realize the removal,clamping,fixing and feeding of the coconut.In the work,it relied on the cutting edge of steel wire section to brush the coconut fiber,and combined the elastic toughness of the steel wire to achieve no damage to the coconut shell after removing the coconut fiber.According to the preliminary test and analysis of mechanical data in the process of coconut fiber removal in the reference project,there were many factors affecting the perfor
作者
汝绍锋
王居飞
樊军庆
Ru Shaofeng;Wang Jufei;Fan Junqing(Institute of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第22期27-35,共9页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目(517075)
海口市重点项目(2014-027)
关键词
机械化
仿生
设计
椰子
椰衣去除
钢丝辊刷
mechanization
bionic
design
coconut
coconut fiber removal
steel wire roller brush
