摘要
天然免疫系统在识别病原和激发获得性免疫保护中发挥着重要作用,通过多种模式识别受体(pattern recognition receptors,PRRs)识别病原相关的分子模式(pathogen associated molecular patterns, PAMPs)抵御外来病原微生物的入侵。目前已知的天然免疫受体主要包括Toll样受体(toll-like receptors,TLRs)、视黄酸诱导基因-Ⅰ样解旋酶受体(retinoid acid-inducible gene-Ⅰ(RIG-Ⅰ)-likereceptors,RLRs)、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体(nucleotidebindingoligomerizationdomain(NOD)-likereceptors,NLRs)、C型凝集素样受体(C-typelectinreceptors,CLRs)以及DNA识别受体。其中,释放到胞内的病原核酸(RNA和DNA)作为一种重要的病原相关分子模式能被多种天然免疫受体识别。参与识别DNA的受体主要包括TLR9、γ干扰素诱导蛋白16(γ-interferon-inducible protein 16,IFI16)、DNA依赖的干扰素调节因子激活物(DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factors,DAI)、黑色素瘤缺乏因子2(absent in melanoma 2,AIM2),及最近发现的环鸟苷一腺苷酸合成酶(cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase,cGAS)等,这些受体能激活I型干扰素途径早已被人熟知。近年来随着对DNA受体研究的进一步深入,人们对其参与机体抗病毒应答分子机制的认识更为深刻。本文主要对DNA识别受体的种类、DNA诱导的信号通路类型、cGAS-STING信号通路的调节机制、受体间的互作及对疾病的防御策略进行探讨。
The innate immune system plays an important role in the recognition of pathogens and activation of acquired immune protection.Detection of pathogenic associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)by multiple pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)can resist the invasion of foreign pathogenic microorganisms.Currently,it has been known that the immune receptors include toll-like receptors(TLRs),RIG-Ⅰ-like helicase receptors(RLRs),NOD-like receptors(NLRs),C-type lectin like receptors(CLRs)and DNA recognition receptors.As important PAMPs,the pathogenic nucleic acids(RNA and DNA)released into cells can be recognized by various innate immune receptors.Among them,TLR9,γ-interferon-inducible protein 16(IFI16),DNA-dependent activator of interferon-regulatory factor(DAI),abcent in melanoma 2(AIM2)and recently discovered cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)have been identified to sense the invaded DNA.Although these receptors have long been known to activate type I interferon pathway,the molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-viral responses have not been better understood untill in recent years with deep research on DNA receptors.In this article,the types of DNA recognition receptors,DNA-induced signaling pathways,regulation mechanism of cGASSTING signaling pathway,interaction between various DNA receptors and defense strategies for diseases are discussed for better understanding on innate immune DNA recognition receptors against viral infection.
作者
周荣云
何珊
朱美芹
朱建中
ZHOU Rong-yun;HE Shan;ZHU Mei-qin;ZHU Jian-zhong(College of Veterinary Medicine,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Comparative Medicine Research Institute,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses,Yangzhou225009,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety,Yangzhou 225009,China)
出处
《中国动物传染病学报》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第5期1-9,共9页
Chinese Journal of Animal Infectious Diseases
基金
国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0502301)
国家自然科学基金项目(31672523
31872450)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)
