摘要
从认识经验出发分析发现理性的先验形式即形而上学演绎,和说明先验认识形式的有效作用方式即先验演绎,两者构成《纯粹理性批判》的总体思想轮廓。其中,形而上学演绎的逻辑分析起点是传统形式逻辑,先验演绎的逻辑综合起点是先验统觉。虽然康德对两个起点作了真理身份说明,但是其根据并不必然有效,因而在实质上沾染独断性。其代价为,本该同源一体的逻辑形式和先验统觉被分离,从而滋生理性批判的内在疑难并损失批判所当获得的某些知识,使理性批判的成果谱系残缺不全。逻辑形式和先验统觉都归根于意识存在,因此,消除康德独断的再批判路径是,以彻底前提批判的勇气和技艺,对意识存在进行批判性分析,从意识存在普遍结构中推导思维活动和知识构造的基本原理和形式。
The analysis from the epistemic experience finds that,the rational transcendental form( namely the metaphysical deduction) and the transcendental deduction which explains the impact mode of the transcendental cognitive form,establish the general thinking outline of the Purely Rational Criticism. Among them,the logic analysis of metaphysical deduction starts from the traditional formal logic,whereas the logic general origin of transcendental deduction is the transcendental apperception. Though Kant explains the truth identity of these two origins,the basis is not always effective,in essence,it is dotted with dogmatism. The cost is that the logic form and the transcendental apperception which should start from the same source are separated,which gives birth to the internal puzzles of rational criticism and the loss of some knowledge the criticism should gain,and makes the gain pedigree mutilated. The logic form and the transcendental apperception both root from the being of consciousness,therefore,the re-critical route to get rid of Kant's dogmatism is the use of the valor and art of premise criticism to make the critical analysis on the consciousness being,and to derive the basic principle and form of the thinking activity and knowledge structure from the consciousness being.
出处
《江海学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期14-21,238,共9页
Jianghai Academic Journal
