摘要
选取低山生态区域相邻的两个点,为9000kg/ha目标产量开展玉米最佳施肥量的试验。在土壤肥力水平相对较高的条件下,以N180kg/ha、P2O590kg/ha和K2O120kg/ha为最佳施肥处理(OPT),研究高产条件下氮磷钾肥适宜的用量。两个点试验的结果表明,试验条件下OPT处理获得8445kg/ha^9480kg/ha的产量,达到当地较高的产量水平。在OPT基础上减少肥料用量,产量下降,但增加肥料用量两个点的结果不尽一致,表明不同的土壤基础肥力下肥料的增产作用也不一样。进一步分析表明,采用ASI法测定的土壤有效磷含量较高,但土壤供磷水平却并不高,分别为58.7%和89.8%。因此,施用磷肥依然具有明显的增产作用;由于两个点的基础地力水平差异,导致了OPT的产量相差11%,表明只有选择自身供肥水平较高的土壤,才能够实现高产。
Field experiments at two nearby sites in the mountainous Wuxi county of Chongqing were conducted to determine the optimal fertilizer rates for high yield corn grown in the hilly areas.The treatment of 180-90-120 kg N-P 2 O 5-K 2 O/ha was designed as the OPT in the soil of relative high fertility.Results showed the OPT treatment reached the local high yield of corn at 8445-9480 kg/ha.On the basis of the OPT reduced fertilizer rates reduced corn yield,while increased fertilizer rates behaved differently at the two sites,which could be attributed to the varied soil fertility.Further analysis showed though the soil had rather high soil available P by the ASI method,P taken up from the soil by corn was only 58.7%and 89.8%,leaving a considerable room for yield increase with addition of P fertilizers.Owing to differed soil fertility,the OPT treatment at the two sites produced a yield gap of 11%,indicating that a super-high corn yield can be only achieved from the high fertility soil.
作者
李伟
赵敬坤
许良德
彭祥言
Li Wei;Zhao Jinkun;Xu Liangde;Peng Xiangyan(Chongqing General Station of Ag-Tech Extension Chongqing 401121;Wuxi Ag-Tech Extension Station Chongqing 405800)
关键词
平衡施肥
玉米
产量
Balanced fertilization
Corn
Yield
