摘要
当前,国际制度竞争成为国际纷争和国家间竞争的重要表现形式和主要演进趋势,然而部分相互竞争的国际制度却"逆势而动",它们的制度间关系不仅转向缓和,而且还开展了密切合作。这一"国际制度竞争退出"的情境不仅丰富了国际制度竞争研究的议题领域,还有助于开启以探讨国际制度竞争退出成因及路径为核心的"后制度竞争"研究议程。根据逻辑推断,国际制度的竞争力、国际官僚的政策取向、制度主导国的权力地位可能是促成国际制度竞争退出的影响因素。因此,基于国际能源署与石油输出国组织、国际能源署与国际可再生能源署两组案例以及由更具一般性的案例所组成的案例集对上述三个可能的因素进行分析与检验。研究表明,国际制度竞争力较差与制度主导国权力地位较低并非国际制度竞争退出的必然因素,相反,是国际官僚对另一国际制度威胁的再认识、对制度间合作收益的新认知以及获得的"技术保护带"促使它们不再热衷竞争性政策和行动,由此促成了国际制度竞争的退出。
At present,international institution competition rises and has become an important manifestation of international disputes and the main trend of national competitions.Nevertheless,some competing international institutions are bucking the trend with mollifying interinstitutional relationship and even close cooperation.Such external circumstance of withdrawal of international institution competition not only enriches the issue areas of international institution competition study,but also is conducive to initiating the research agenda of postinstitution competition with discussions on causes and paths of the withdrawal of international institution competition as its core.Based on this,this article tentatively puts forward three factors which are likely to facilitate the withdrawal of international institution competition,namely the competitiveness of international institutions,policy orientation of international bureaucrats and power status of leading institutional countries.On account of the analysis and test of the above three possible factors in the two cases of IEA and OPEC,IEA and IRENA and a case set of more general cases,this article finds that neither poorer competitiveness of international institutions nor lower power status of institutional leading countries is the certain cause of the withdrawal of international institution competition.On the contrary,it is because international bureaucrats have gained reunderstanding of another international institution threat,reperception of interinstitutional cooperation benefits and support of their policy independence by the“technical protection belt”,that they altered policy orientations and are no longer keen on competitive policies and acts,which facilitated the withdrawal of international institution competition.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第8期62-93,157,158,共34页
World Economics and Politics
