摘要
在贵州黔西县采用定点田间试验的方法,研究了不同有机、无机肥配施比例(有机氮取代无机氮比例分别为0%、25%、50%、75%、100%)下植烟土壤细菌组成的变化及烤烟产质量的差异,以期为贵州烟区施用有机肥替代部分无机肥、实现减肥增效提供理论依据和技术支撑。结果表明,与单施无机肥处理相比,有机、无机肥配施处理可以提高土壤细菌的多样性,主要表现在Sobs指数、Shannon指数、Ace指数和Chao指数提高;可以改变土壤细菌科、属水平的结构组成,施有机肥处理间的土壤细菌各菌属丰度更为相似,且提高了有益微生物如鞘脂单细胞菌属、亚硝化单胞菌科、厌氧绳菌科、小单孢菌科等的丰度,从而改善土壤细菌的组成;同时,也能在一定程度上提高烤烟的产值和中上等烟比例,增加烤烟的经济效益。综合比较,以有机氮取代无机氮比例为50%时的效果最好。
The changes of bacteria composition and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco under different combined proportion of organic and inorganic fertilizers(the proportion of organic nitrogen substituting inorganic nitrogen was 0%,25%,50%,75%,100%respectively)were studied using fixed-point field test in Guizhou Qianxi county,so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for organic fertilizer substituting partial inorganic fertilizer.The results showed that compared with only application of inorganic fertilizer,the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could improve the soil bacterial diversity,especially the Sobs index,the Shannon index,the Ace index and the Chao index had been improved.The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could change the bacteria composition from family and genus level.The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer increased the abundances of the beneficial microorganisms,such as Sphingomonas,Nitrosomonadaceae,Anaerolineaceae,Micromonosporaceae,etc,improving the bacteria composition.The abundances of bacteria in the soil treated with organic fertilizer were more similarly.The number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil had been boosted,the community structure of soil bacteria had been altered.At the same time,the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer increased the output value of flue-cured tobacco and the proportion of middle and upper tobacco in a certain extent,the economic benefits of flue-cured tobacco had been increased.Comparing comprehensively,it had the best effect when the substitution ratio of organic nitrogen substituting inorganic nitrogen was 50%.
作者
刘昌
黄莺
陈雪
喻奇伟
夏忠文
熊晶
谢志勇
LIU Chang;HUANG Ying;CHEN Xue;YU Qiwei;XIA Zhongwen;XIONG Jing;XIE Zhiyong(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory for Tobacco Quality,Guiyang 550025,China;Institute of Tobacco,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Bijie Tobacco Company,Bijie 551700,China)
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期52-58,共7页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省烟草公司科技项目(201707)
贵州省烟草品质遗传改良与生物转化科技创新人才团队项目(黔科合人才团队[2015]4011号)
贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划--百层次人才项目(黔科合平台人才[2016]5663号)
毕节烟区烟叶产质平衡关键技术优化项目(毕烟201652050024149)
关键词
有机肥
无机肥
配施比例
植烟土壤
细菌组成
烤烟
产量
质量
Organic fertilizer
Inorganic fertilizer
Combined application proportion
Planting tobacco soil
Bacteria composition
Flue-cured tobacco
Yield
Quality
