摘要
A[H3AgI(H2O)PW11O39]3?‐TiO2/ITO electrode was fabricated by immobilizing a molecular polyoxometalate‐based water oxidation catalyst,[H3AgI(H2O)PW11O39]3?(AgPW11),on a TiO2electrode.The resulting electrode was characterized by X‐ray powder diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy.Linear sweep voltammetry,chronoamperometry,and electrochemical impedance measurements were performed in aqueous Na2SO4solution(0.1molL?1).We found that a higher applied voltage led to better catalytic performance by AgPW11.The AgPW11‐TiO2/ITO electrode gave currents respectively10and2.5times as high as those of the TiO2/ITO and AgNO3‐TiO2/ITO electrodes at an applied voltage of1.5V vs Ag/AgCl.This result was attributed to the lower charge transfer resistance at the electrode‐electrolyte interface for the AgPW11‐TiO2/ITO electrode.Under illumination,the photocurrent was not obviously enhanced although the total anode current increased.The AgPW11‐TiO2/ITO electrode was relatively stable.Cyclic voltammetry of AgPW11was performed in phosphate buffer solution(0.1mol L?1).We found that oxidation of AgPW11was a quasi‐reversible process related to one‐electron and one‐proton transfer.We deduced that disproportionation of the oxidized[H2AgII(H2O)PW11O39]3?might have occurred and the resulting[H3AgIIIOPW11O39]3?oxidized water to O2.
高效的水氧化是实现大规模分解水制氢的瓶颈,开发稳定、经济、高效的水氧化催化剂是引人关注的.早在上世纪中期Ag^+作为水氧化催化剂就有报道,但尚未见Ag^+配合物作为分子基水氧化催化剂的报道.本课题组选择缺位多酸阴离子[H_3PW_(11)O_(39)]^(3-)作为配体,成功研制了银-多酸配合物[H3Ag~Ⅰ(H2O)PW_(11)O_(39)]3-(AgPW_(11))分子基水氧化催化剂,发现其对使用S_2O_8^(2-)化学氧化水具有很好的催化作用,这主要归功于多酸配体在传输电子和质子的作用,对理解催化氧化水的机理有重要学术价值.将分子基催化剂修饰到电极上是实现其电化学催化氧化水的必由之路.本文采用浸渍法将AgPW_(11)修饰到TiO_2电极上,成功制备了AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO电极,并通过XRD,SEM,EDX技术对AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO电极进行了表征.结果表明,AgPW_(11)被成功负载到TiO_2纳米粒子表面,它的引入使得TiO_2电极表面的纳米粒子平均尺寸由10–40 nm增加到15–60 nm.在0.1 mol L^(-1)Na_2SO_4电解质溶液中利用线性扫描伏安、计时电流和电化学阻抗技术研究了AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO阳极催化氧化水的性能,结果发现,当施加偏压大于1.3 V vs.Ag/AgCl时,随电压升高,AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO电极相比TiO_2/ITO电极有更显著的氧化电流;当施加偏压在1.5 V vs.Ag/Ag Cl时,AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO电极氧化电流比TiO_2/ITO电极和AgNO_3-TiO_2/ITO电极分别高出10倍和2.5倍,这归因于AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO电极上电极-电解质界面具有更低的电荷转移阻抗,也说明多酸阴离子配体在催化过程中能够更好地传输电子和质子.在光照条件(100 m W cm^(-2))下,AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO电极有较高的阳极电流,但光电流并没有明显增加,这主要是由于修饰电极光生电子–空穴复合速率较快所致.AgPW_(11)-TiO_2/ITO阳极重复使用15次后,电流密度仍然高出TiO_2/ITO电极3倍以上,表明AgPW_(11)-TiO_2复合电极稳定性较好.在0.1 mol L^(-1)磷酸
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21573099, 21601077, 21573100)~~
