摘要
目的 研究接尘和吸烟对死亡的影响。方法 以 1989～ 1992年广州市实施并建立的职工职业健康监护档案为基础资料 ,选年龄≥ 30岁的接尘工人和无任何粉尘及其他有害物质接触的职工 (对照组 ) 6 16 4 8名为研究对象 ,进行前瞻性队列研究。结果 (1)队列失访 2 8例 ,死亡 1186例 ,以恶性肿瘤死亡为主 ;(2 )本队列男性多于女性 ,年龄 35～ 4 4岁居多 ,主要为工人 ,中学文化 ,已婚 ,吸烟率 4 2 .2 % ,饮酒率 32 .8% ;(3)调整相应混杂因素后 ,全死因、恶性肿瘤和呼吸系疾病死亡接尘者相对危险度 (RR)分别为 1.2 4、1.34和 1.96 ,与对照组比较 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ,吸烟者RR分别为1.16、1.37和 1.6 3,与不吸烟者比 ,前二者差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;既接尘又吸烟者上述相应死因死亡RR分别为 1.4 8、1.85和 3.12 ,明显高于单纯接尘或单纯吸烟者 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1) ;(4)接尘对死亡的影响主要表现在职业接触矽尘和木尘。结论 接尘与吸烟均可致死亡危险性增加 ,并存在协同作用。
Objective To study the effect of dust exposure and smoking on mortality. Methods Based on the Guangzhou Occupational Health Surveillance Record System established in 1989～1992,61 648 factory workers,aged≥30,occupationally exposed to dust and non-exposure to dust or any other hazardous substances(controls),were included in a prospective cohort study. Results (1)28 were lost to follow-up.Malignant neoplasm was most common among 1 186 deaths.(2) Most subjects were male workers,aged 35 to 44,with secondary education,and married.42.2% had ever smoked and 32.8% were ever-drinkers.(3)To compare with non-exposure,non-smoking+non-smoking and non-exposure respectively,the adjusted RR of death from all causes,malignant neoplasm and respiratory diseases were 1.24,1.34 and 1.96 respectively for dust exposed workers(compared to control,P<0.01),1.16,1.37 and 1.63 respectively for those smoking(compared to non-smoker except RR of death from respiratory diseases,P<0.01),and 1.48,1.85 and 3.12 respectively for those smoking and dust exposure,which were far greater than those either smoked or exposed to dust alone(P<0.01).(4)The influence of dust exposure on death was mainly showed in occupational exposure to silica dust and wood dust. Conclusion Both dust exposure and smoking may increase the mortality,and they had synergistic effect.
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第5期365-368,共4页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
基金
广东省卫生厅"五个一"科教兴医工程重点研究项目
广州市科委重点研究项目.
