摘要
目的了解广州市接触各种职业危害因素工人的职业危害及常见慢性病患病情况,探讨慢性病防治在职业健康促进中的重要性。方法选取广州市职业病防治院2017年开展在岗期间职业健康检查的64 736名作业工人为研究对象,按照《职业健康监护技术规范》的相关要求开展职业健康检查,同时询问最近1次测量的身高、体重,并测量血压,测定空腹血糖和血脂。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行t检验、χ2检验和趋势χ2检验。结果本研究作业工人的职业禁忌证检出率为1.5%;针对职业损害的体检指标异常需要进一步复查且复查后仍为异常但不能确定疑似职业病者的阳性检出率为1.9%;疑似职业病检出率为0.05%;非职业性相关的其他疾病或异常检出率高达60.4%,且随年龄的增加呈上升趋势,有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高血压、高血糖、血脂偏高和超重或肥胖的检出率分别为7.1%、16.8%、48.5%和28.6%,检出率均随年龄的增加呈上升趋势,均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论作业工人除了存在职业性健康危害外,常见慢性病对健康的影响更为普遍,预防与控制职业病和慢性病应在该类人群中同步开展。
Objective To understand the prevalence of occupational hazards and common chronic diseases in workers occupationally exposed to several occupational hazard factors and to explore the importance of chronic disease prevention and treatment in improvement of occupational health.Methods A total of 64 736 workers who participated in occupational health examination in 2017 in Guangzhou Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center while on duty served as the subjects.The occupational health examination was carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of the Technical Specification for Occupational Health Surveillance.The last measurements of height and weight were inquired,and the blood pressure,fasting glucose and blood lipids were detected.The t test,χ2 test and trendχ2 test were used to analyze the data,the used software was SPSS 22.0.Results The detected rate of occupational contraindication was 1.5%;the positive rate of physical examination indices which were abnormal and needed to be re-checked for occupational injury was 1.9%.The detected rate of the suspected occupational diseases was 0.05%.The detected rate of other non-occupational related diseases or abnormalities was as high as60.4%,increasing with age(P<0.01).The positive rates of hypertension,hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia and overweight or obesity were 7.1%,16.8%,48.5%and 28.6%,respectively and increased with age(P<0.01).Conclusion Besides occupational injuries,the health effects of chronic diseases on occupational groups were more common.Prevention and control of occupational diseases and chronic diseases should be performed simultaneously in the occupational population.
作者
张维森
周浩
肖吕武
ZHANG Wei-sen;ZHOU Hao;XIAO Lv-wu(Guangzhou Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510620,China)
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期428-431,共4页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0907100)
关键词
职业健康检查
职业病
慢性病
预防与控制
Occupational health examination
Occupational diseases
Chronic diseases
Prevention and control
