摘要
晋西北属于国家级和省级限制开发区,其先天脆弱的自然生态系统导致土地沙漠化、水土流失以及农民贫困问题。2000年后晋西北生态脆弱区农民城镇化现象呈规模性增长趋势,通过形成"城镇化农民生计非农化—农地流转—农地规模经营—农村居民收入提高—生态恢复保护"互动关系链,可以为降低晋西北生态脆弱区土地人口压力和恢复其生态环境开辟新途径,而这条关系链存在的关键则是城镇化农民的可持续非农生计。借鉴国际上应用范围最广的可持续生计SL框架——DFID模型,选取晋西北地区大城市朔州市为实证研究对象,基于结构方程模型定量测定了脆弱性背景—生计资本—生计策略—生计结果相互之间复杂的影响机制。研究表明:1脆弱性背景对生计策略产生显著的负向影响,且通过影响生计策略间接对生计结果产生负向影响。2人力资本、物质资本、金融资本均对继续留城务工的生计策略产生正向影响;生计资本中只有物质资本对就业性质有影响力。3人力资本对职业层次和娱乐生活丰富度均有显著的正向影响;社会资本对职业层次没有显示出显著影响力,但却对进城务工后的收入增加显示出正向影响力;金融资本对娱乐生活丰富度有显著正向作用力。4继续留城务工的生计策略对娱乐生活的丰富度有正向影响,就业性质则对收入增加有正向影响力。
Belonging to restricted development zones at both national and provincial level,northwestern Shanxi province has inherent vulnerability of natural ecosystems which have caused land desertification, water and soil loss, and farmers ?? poverty. Since 2000, the urbanization of farmers in ecological fragile region of northwestern Shanxi has been growing rapidly. Forming an interaction chain of'transformation from agricultural to non- agricultural livelihoods of urbanized farmers—farmland transfer—scale management of farmland—improvement of rural residents ?? income—ecological restoration and protection'could provide a new way of reducing population pressure on land and restoring ecological environment in the study area. The key point of this interaction chain is the sustainable non-agricultural livelihoods of urbanized farmers. Using DFID model—a sustainable livelihoods(SL) framework which is the most widely applied all over the world as reference, and taking Shuozhou—a big city in northwestern Shanxi for an empirical study, this paper quantitatively measures the complicated influencing mechanism between vulnerability context, livelihoods capitals, livelihoods strategies,and livelihoods outcomes. The results show that:(1) the vulnerability context has a significant negative impact on livelihoods strategies, and it negatively influences livelihoods outcomes indirectly through livelihoods strategies as well.(2) Human capital, physical capital, and financial capital have a positive impact on livelihoods strategies of non- agricultural labor remaining in the city. In livelihoods capitals, only physical capital has impact on the nature of employment.(3) Human capital has a significant positive impact on both career level and richness of entertainment life. Social capital has not exerted significant impact on career level,but has positive impact on the income increase after the farmers moved into the cities.Financial capital shows a significant positive impact on the richness of entertainment life.(4)The liveli
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第11期2021-2033,共13页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41271143)
关键词
可持续非农生计
结构方程模型
朔州市
sustainable non-agricultural livelihoods
Structural Equation Model(SEM)
Shuozhou city
